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An experimental investigation into the use of eye‐contact in social interactions in women in the acute and recovered stages of anorexia nervosa.

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Title: An experimental investigation into the use of eye‐contact in social interactions in women in the acute and recovered stages of anorexia nervosa.
Authors: Harrison, Amy, Watterson, Stephanie V., Bennett, Samuel D.
Source: International Journal of Eating Disorders. Jan2019, Vol. 52 Issue 1, p61-70. 10p. 1 Color Photograph, 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Anorexia nervosa, Eye physiology, Convalescence, Conversation, Emotions, Experimental design, Facial expression, Interpersonal relations, Social skills, Women's health, Cross-sectional method, Acute diseases, Eye movement measurements
Abstract: Objective: People with anorexia nervosa (AN) report significant difficulties in social functioning and a growing literature is beginning to explain some of the differences in social skills that might underlie the social challenges experienced by patients. One vital area of social functioning that has been largely neglected to date is how eye‐contact is used in the context of social stimuli and in social situations. Methods: This cross‐sectional, experimental study used eye‐tracking to measure the frequency and duration of eye‐contact made with the eye region of interest (ROI) of (1) static social stimuli (man and woman Ekman faces displaying basic emotions); (2) moving social stimuli (a video of two actors conversing); and (3) during a real‐life social interaction in 75 women (25 with AN, 25 recovered from AN, and 25 non‐AN controls; mean age = 27.18, SD = 6.19). Results: Participants showed greater eye‐contact during a real‐life social interaction than when viewing static social stimuli. Those with AN made contact with the eye ROI of the static and moving social stimuli and during a real‐life social interaction significantly less often and for significantly less time than non‐AN controls. Those recovered from AN showed greater eye‐contact than the acute group but significantly less eye‐contact with the eye ROI across the static and moving social stimuli and during the real‐life social interaction than non‐AN controls. Discussion: These findings contribute new knowledge regarding the types of social skills that people with AN may need additional support with to allow them to make greater use of social support in their recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Eating Disorders is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
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  Data: An experimental investigation into the use of eye‐contact in social interactions in women in the acute and recovered stages of anorexia nervosa.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Harrison%2C+Amy%22">Harrison, Amy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Watterson%2C+Stephanie+V%2E%22">Watterson, Stephanie V.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bennett%2C+Samuel+D%2E%22">Bennett, Samuel D.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Eating+Disorders%22">International Journal of Eating Disorders</searchLink>. Jan2019, Vol. 52 Issue 1, p61-70. 10p. 1 Color Photograph, 1 Black and White Photograph, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anorexia+nervosa%22">Anorexia nervosa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eye+physiology%22">Eye physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Convalescence%22">Convalescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conversation%22">Conversation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotions%22">Emotions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experimental+design%22">Experimental design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Facial+expression%22">Facial expression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interpersonal+relations%22">Interpersonal relations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+skills%22">Social skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Women's+health%22">Women's health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acute+diseases%22">Acute diseases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eye+movement+measurements%22">Eye movement measurements</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Objective: People with anorexia nervosa (AN) report significant difficulties in social functioning and a growing literature is beginning to explain some of the differences in social skills that might underlie the social challenges experienced by patients. One vital area of social functioning that has been largely neglected to date is how eye‐contact is used in the context of social stimuli and in social situations. Methods: This cross‐sectional, experimental study used eye‐tracking to measure the frequency and duration of eye‐contact made with the eye region of interest (ROI) of (1) static social stimuli (man and woman Ekman faces displaying basic emotions); (2) moving social stimuli (a video of two actors conversing); and (3) during a real‐life social interaction in 75 women (25 with AN, 25 recovered from AN, and 25 non‐AN controls; mean age = 27.18, SD = 6.19). Results: Participants showed greater eye‐contact during a real‐life social interaction than when viewing static social stimuli. Those with AN made contact with the eye ROI of the static and moving social stimuli and during a real‐life social interaction significantly less often and for significantly less time than non‐AN controls. Those recovered from AN showed greater eye‐contact than the acute group but significantly less eye‐contact with the eye ROI across the static and moving social stimuli and during the real‐life social interaction than non‐AN controls. Discussion: These findings contribute new knowledge regarding the types of social skills that people with AN may need additional support with to allow them to make greater use of social support in their recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Eating Disorders is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=134324786
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/eat.22993
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 61
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Anorexia nervosa
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Eye physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Convalescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conversation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Experimental design
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Facial expression
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interpersonal relations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social skills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Women's health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acute diseases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Eye movement measurements
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: An experimental investigation into the use of eye‐contact in social interactions in women in the acute and recovered stages of anorexia nervosa.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Harrison, Amy
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            NameFull: Watterson, Stephanie V.
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            NameFull: Bennett, Samuel D.
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            – D: 01
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              Text: Jan2019
              Type: published
              Y: 2019
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              Value: 52
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