View in EDS HTML Full Text PDF Full Text

Comparing Injecting Risk Behaviors of Long-Term Injectors with New Injectors in Tehran, Iran.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Comparing Injecting Risk Behaviors of Long-Term Injectors with New Injectors in Tehran, Iran.
Authors: Bazrafshan, Mohammad Rafi, Noroozi, Mehdi, Ghisvand, Hesam, Noroozi, Alireza, Alibeigi, Neda, Abbasi, Mohammad, Higgs, Peter, Armoon, Bahram
Source: Substance Use & Misuse. 2019, Vol. 54 Issue 2, p185-190. 6p. 2 Charts.
Subjects: Confidence intervals, Injections, Needle sharing, Risk management in business, Risk-taking behavior, Statistical sampling, Multiple regression analysis, Harm reduction, Intravenous drug abusers, Cross-sectional method, Descriptive statistics, Independent variables, Odds ratio
Geographic Terms: Iran
Abstract: Background: Global estimates suggest there are 15.6 million people who inject drugs (PWID) of whom 17.8% are living with HIV.Few studies have characterized newly-onset injectors with long-term injectors and its association with injecting risk behaviors. Objectives: We examined the relationship between length of injection and risk behaviors among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Tehran, Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among PWID, from March to August 2016 in Tehran, Iran. PWID were recruited by convenience and snowball sampling from five Drop-in Centers (DIC) located in the south of Tehran. Our primary independent variable was length of injecting career, defined as the number of months since injecting initiation. Those defined as new injectors (were injecting for less than 18 months), and long-term injectors (as injecting drugs for more than 18 months). We reported the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) point estimate and 95% confidence interval (CI95%) as the effect measure. The level of significance used in multiple logistic regression model was 0.05. We used STATA v. 11 for all analyzes. Results: The analytical sample comprised of 500 participants (100% male). Mean (±SD) age of PWID with a length of injection history was 31.2 ± 7.2 years. Overall, 270 (54%) (CI95%: 49.6%, 58.4%) of participants were long-term injectors. The average age of drug use initiation among long-term injectors group was lower as compared to new injectors group (31.2 vs. 29.4, p < 0.001). The odds of distributive syringe sharing among new injectors were two times higher than long-term injectors (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-4.7). The odds of receptive syringe sharing were lower among new injectors group (AOR = 0.7, CI95% 0.2-0.87), compared to long-term injectors. New injectors had higher odds of reusing their own syringes (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.4-5.7; p = 0.01). Conclusions: Improvements in harm reduction service provision can occur through taregted risk reduction education for new injectors focusing on reducing distributive syringe sharing among them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
Full text is not displayed to guests.
FullText Links:
  – Type: pdflink
Text:
  Availability: 1
Header DbId: pbh
DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
An: 134919055
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Comparing Injecting Risk Behaviors of Long-Term Injectors with New Injectors in Tehran, Iran.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Bazrafshan%2C+Mohammad+Rafi%22&quot;&gt;Bazrafshan, Mohammad Rafi&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Noroozi%2C+Mehdi%22&quot;&gt;Noroozi, Mehdi&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Ghisvand%2C+Hesam%22&quot;&gt;Ghisvand, Hesam&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Noroozi%2C+Alireza%22&quot;&gt;Noroozi, Alireza&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Alibeigi%2C+Neda%22&quot;&gt;Alibeigi, Neda&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Abbasi%2C+Mohammad%22&quot;&gt;Abbasi, Mohammad&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Higgs%2C+Peter%22&quot;&gt;Higgs, Peter&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Armoon%2C+Bahram%22&quot;&gt;Armoon, Bahram&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Substance+Use+%26+Misuse%22&quot;&gt;Substance Use &amp; Misuse&lt;/searchLink&gt;. 2019, Vol. 54 Issue 2, p185-190. 6p. 2 Charts.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Confidence+intervals%22&quot;&gt;Confidence intervals&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Injections%22&quot;&gt;Injections&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Needle+sharing%22&quot;&gt;Needle sharing&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Risk+management+in+business%22&quot;&gt;Risk management in business&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Risk-taking+behavior%22&quot;&gt;Risk-taking behavior&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Statistical+sampling%22&quot;&gt;Statistical sampling&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Multiple+regression+analysis%22&quot;&gt;Multiple regression analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Harm+reduction%22&quot;&gt;Harm reduction&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Intravenous+drug+abusers%22&quot;&gt;Intravenous drug abusers&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Cross-sectional+method%22&quot;&gt;Cross-sectional method&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Descriptive+statistics%22&quot;&gt;Descriptive statistics&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Independent+variables%22&quot;&gt;Independent variables&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Odds+ratio%22&quot;&gt;Odds ratio&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Iran%22&quot;&gt;Iran&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Global estimates suggest there are 15.6 million people who inject drugs (PWID) of whom 17.8% are living with HIV.Few studies have characterized newly-onset injectors with long-term injectors and its association with injecting risk behaviors. Objectives: We examined the relationship between length of injection and risk behaviors among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Tehran, Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among PWID, from March to August 2016 in Tehran, Iran. PWID were recruited by convenience and snowball sampling from five Drop-in Centers (DIC) located in the south of Tehran. Our primary independent variable was length of injecting career, defined as the number of months since injecting initiation. Those defined as new injectors (were injecting for less than 18 months), and long-term injectors (as injecting drugs for more than 18 months). We reported the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) point estimate and 95% confidence interval (CI95%) as the effect measure. The level of significance used in multiple logistic regression model was 0.05. We used STATA v. 11 for all analyzes. Results: The analytical sample comprised of 500 participants (100% male). Mean (&#177;SD) age of PWID with a length of injection history was 31.2 &#177; 7.2 years. Overall, 270 (54%) (CI95%: 49.6%, 58.4%) of participants were long-term injectors. The average age of drug use initiation among long-term injectors group was lower as compared to new injectors group (31.2 vs. 29.4, p &lt; 0.001). The odds of distributive syringe sharing among new injectors were two times higher than long-term injectors (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-4.7). The odds of receptive syringe sharing were lower among new injectors group (AOR = 0.7, CI95% 0.2-0.87), compared to long-term injectors. New injectors had higher odds of reusing their own syringes (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.4-5.7; p = 0.01). Conclusions: Improvements in harm reduction service provision can occur through taregted risk reduction education for new injectors focusing on reducing distributive syringe sharing among them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Substance Use &amp; Misuse is the property of Taylor &amp; Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=134919055
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1491055
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 185
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Injections
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Needle sharing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk management in business
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk-taking behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiple regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Harm reduction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intravenous drug abusers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Independent variables
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Odds ratio
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iran
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Comparing Injecting Risk Behaviors of Long-Term Injectors with New Injectors in Tehran, Iran.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Bazrafshan, Mohammad Rafi
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Noroozi, Mehdi
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ghisvand, Hesam
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Noroozi, Alireza
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Alibeigi, Neda
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Abbasi, Mohammad
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Higgs, Peter
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Armoon, Bahram
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: 2019
              Type: published
              Y: 2019
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 10826084
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 54
            – Type: issue
              Value: 2
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Substance Use & Misuse
              Type: main
ResultId 1