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Cognitive Impairments in Abstinent Male Residents of a Therapeutic Community for Substance-Use Disorders: A Five-Year Retrospective Study.

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Title: Cognitive Impairments in Abstinent Male Residents of a Therapeutic Community for Substance-Use Disorders: A Five-Year Retrospective Study.
Authors: Shlosberg, Dan, Amit, Ben H., Zalsman, Gil, Krivoy, Amir, Mell, Haim, Lev-Ran, Shaul, Shoval, Gal
Source: Substance Use & Misuse. 2019, Vol. 54 Issue 4, p538-548. 11p. 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Cognition disorder risk factors, Cognitive testing, Confidence intervals, Emotions, Rehabilitation of people with mental illness, Milieu therapy, Substance abuse, Drug abusers, Independent living, Cross-sectional method, Retrospective studies, Case-control method, Executive function, Disease complications
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Prior studies of residual cognitive deficits in abstinent substance-use disorder (SUD) patients, exhibited conflicting reports and a substantial patient selection bias. The aim of this study was to test the cognitive function of a sample of chronic abstinent SUD patients in a therapeutic-community. Methods: The IntegNeuroTM cognitive test battery was used for a retrospective cross-sectional study of cognitive functioning of an unselected sample (n = 105) of abstinent male residents of a therapeutic-community. The results were compared to a large age-, gender-, and education-matched normative cohort. Results: A significant negative deviance from the normal cohorts' mean was present in most of the cognitive test results and in all the cognitive domains that were tested. The most substantial deficit was found in the executive function domain (d = 1.02, 95%CI (±0.11)). Correct identification of facial emotions was significantly lower selectively in expressions of disgust and sadness. Substance-use starting at an early age (12.4 ± 0.8 years) was associated with lower performance in tests of sustained attention and impulsivity as well as with varied ability to identify correctly "negative" emotions in the emotion identification domain. Conclusions: This 5-year retrospective study demonstrates substantial cognitive impairments in an unselected sample of abstinent SUD patients. Impairment in multiple cognitive domains may lower the probability for remission and successful social integration. Early-age substance initiation may be associated with larger impairments in cognitive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Cognitive Impairments in Abstinent Male Residents of a Therapeutic Community for Substance-Use Disorders: A Five-Year Retrospective Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shlosberg%2C+Dan%22">Shlosberg, Dan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amit%2C+Ben+H%2E%22">Amit, Ben H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zalsman%2C+Gil%22">Zalsman, Gil</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krivoy%2C+Amir%22">Krivoy, Amir</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mell%2C+Haim%22">Mell, Haim</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lev-Ran%2C+Shaul%22">Lev-Ran, Shaul</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shoval%2C+Gal%22">Shoval, Gal</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Substance+Use+%26+Misuse%22">Substance Use & Misuse</searchLink>. 2019, Vol. 54 Issue 4, p538-548. 11p. 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition+disorder+risk+factors%22">Cognition disorder risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+testing%22">Cognitive testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotions%22">Emotions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rehabilitation+of+people+with+mental+illness%22">Rehabilitation of people with mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Milieu+therapy%22">Milieu therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse%22">Substance abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+abusers%22">Drug abusers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Independent+living%22">Independent living</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retrospective+studies%22">Retrospective studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Case-control+method%22">Case-control method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Executive+function%22">Executive function</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+complications%22">Disease complications</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background and Objectives: Prior studies of residual cognitive deficits in abstinent substance-use disorder (SUD) patients, exhibited conflicting reports and a substantial patient selection bias. The aim of this study was to test the cognitive function of a sample of chronic abstinent SUD patients in a therapeutic-community. Methods: The IntegNeuroTM cognitive test battery was used for a retrospective cross-sectional study of cognitive functioning of an unselected sample (n = 105) of abstinent male residents of a therapeutic-community. The results were compared to a large age-, gender-, and education-matched normative cohort. Results: A significant negative deviance from the normal cohorts' mean was present in most of the cognitive test results and in all the cognitive domains that were tested. The most substantial deficit was found in the executive function domain (d = 1.02, 95%CI (±0.11)). Correct identification of facial emotions was significantly lower selectively in expressions of disgust and sadness. Substance-use starting at an early age (12.4 ± 0.8 years) was associated with lower performance in tests of sustained attention and impulsivity as well as with varied ability to identify correctly "negative" emotions in the emotion identification domain. Conclusions: This 5-year retrospective study demonstrates substantial cognitive impairments in an unselected sample of abstinent SUD patients. Impairment in multiple cognitive domains may lower the probability for remission and successful social integration. Early-age substance initiation may be associated with larger impairments in cognitive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1517800
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 538
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Cognition disorder risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rehabilitation of people with mental illness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Milieu therapy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
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      – SubjectFull: Drug abusers
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      – SubjectFull: Independent living
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      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
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      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
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      – SubjectFull: Case-control method
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      – SubjectFull: Executive function
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      – SubjectFull: Disease complications
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Cognitive Impairments in Abstinent Male Residents of a Therapeutic Community for Substance-Use Disorders: A Five-Year Retrospective Study.
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              Text: 2019
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