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Genetic and Early-Life Environmental Influences on Dental Caries Risk: A Twin Study.

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Title: Genetic and Early-Life Environmental Influences on Dental Caries Risk: A Twin Study.
Authors: Silva, Mihiri J., Kilpatrick, Nicky M., Craig, Jeffrey M., Manton, David J., Leong, Pamela, Burgner, David P., Scurrah, Katrina J.
Source: Pediatrics. May2019, Vol. 143 Issue 5, p167-174. 8p.
Subjects: Dental caries risk factors, Confidence intervals, Ecology, Genetics, Gestational age, Molars, Mothers, Obesity, Placenta, Twins, Vitamin D, Water fluoridation, Phenotypes, Multiple regression analysis, Fetal development, Dental hygiene assessment
Abstract (Dzongkha): OBJECTIVES: To explore the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences on dental caries risk and to investigate fetal and developmental risk factors for dental caries. METHODS: We recruited children from 250 twin pregnancies midgestation and collected demographic, health, and phenotypic data at recruitment, 24 and 36 weeks' gestational age, birth and 18 months, and 6 years of age. 25-hydroxyvitamin D was quantified in mothers at 28 weeks' gestation and in infants at birth. Dental caries and enamel defects were measured at six years of age. We compared concordance for the presence of any caries and advanced caries in monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. To investigate environmental risk factors for caries, we fitted multiple logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations to adjust for twin correlation. RESULTS: A total of 345 twins underwent dental assessment, with 111 (32.2%) showing signs of any caries and 83 (24.1%) having advanced caries. There was no evidence of higher concordance in monozygotic twins compared with dizygotic twins, with a difference of 0.05 (95% confidence interval -0.14 to 0.25; P = .30) and 0.00 (95% confidence interval 20.26 to 0.26; P = .50) for any caries and advanced caries, respectively, suggesting that environmental factors, rather than genetics, are the predominant determinant of caries risk. After adjusting for potential confounders, lack of community water fluoridation, hypomineralized second primary molars, dichorionic placenta, and maternal obesity were associated with caries. CONCLUSIONS: Environmental rather than genetic factors drive dental caries risk and arise as early as prenatal life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Pediatrics is the property of American Academy of Pediatrics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Genetic and Early-Life Environmental Influences on Dental Caries Risk: A Twin Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Silva%2C+Mihiri+J%2E%22">Silva, Mihiri J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kilpatrick%2C+Nicky+M%2E%22">Kilpatrick, Nicky M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Craig%2C+Jeffrey+M%2E%22">Craig, Jeffrey M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manton%2C+David+J%2E%22">Manton, David J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leong%2C+Pamela%22">Leong, Pamela</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burgner%2C+David+P%2E%22">Burgner, David P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scurrah%2C+Katrina+J%2E%22">Scurrah, Katrina J.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Pediatrics%22">Pediatrics</searchLink>. May2019, Vol. 143 Issue 5, p167-174. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dental+caries+risk+factors%22">Dental caries risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ecology%22">Ecology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetics%22">Genetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gestational+age%22">Gestational age</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molars%22">Molars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mothers%22">Mothers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Obesity%22">Obesity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Placenta%22">Placenta</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Twins%22">Twins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vitamin+D%22">Vitamin D</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+fluoridation%22">Water fluoridation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenotypes%22">Phenotypes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiple+regression+analysis%22">Multiple regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fetal+development%22">Fetal development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dental+hygiene+assessment%22">Dental hygiene assessment</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Dzongkha)
  Group: Ab
  Data: OBJECTIVES: To explore the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences on dental caries risk and to investigate fetal and developmental risk factors for dental caries. METHODS: We recruited children from 250 twin pregnancies midgestation and collected demographic, health, and phenotypic data at recruitment, 24 and 36 weeks' gestational age, birth and 18 months, and 6 years of age. 25-hydroxyvitamin D was quantified in mothers at 28 weeks' gestation and in infants at birth. Dental caries and enamel defects were measured at six years of age. We compared concordance for the presence of any caries and advanced caries in monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. To investigate environmental risk factors for caries, we fitted multiple logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations to adjust for twin correlation. RESULTS: A total of 345 twins underwent dental assessment, with 111 (32.2%) showing signs of any caries and 83 (24.1%) having advanced caries. There was no evidence of higher concordance in monozygotic twins compared with dizygotic twins, with a difference of 0.05 (95% confidence interval -0.14 to 0.25; P = .30) and 0.00 (95% confidence interval 20.26 to 0.26; P = .50) for any caries and advanced caries, respectively, suggesting that environmental factors, rather than genetics, are the predominant determinant of caries risk. After adjusting for potential confounders, lack of community water fluoridation, hypomineralized second primary molars, dichorionic placenta, and maternal obesity were associated with caries. CONCLUSIONS: Environmental rather than genetic factors drive dental caries risk and arise as early as prenatal life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Pediatrics is the property of American Academy of Pediatrics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1542/peds.2018-3499
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 167
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Dental caries risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ecology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gestational age
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Molars
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mothers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Obesity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Placenta
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Twins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vitamin D
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water fluoridation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phenotypes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiple regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fetal development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dental hygiene assessment
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Genetic and Early-Life Environmental Influences on Dental Caries Risk: A Twin Study.
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              Text: May2019
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