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Impulsivity trait and proactive cognitive control: An fMRI study.

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Title: Impulsivity trait and proactive cognitive control: An fMRI study.
Authors: Gavazzi, Gioele (AUTHOR), Rossi, Arianna (AUTHOR), Orsolini, Stefano (AUTHOR), Diciotti, Stefano (AUTHOR), Giovannelli, Fabio (AUTHOR), Salvadori, Emilia (AUTHOR), Pantoni, Leonardo (AUTHOR), Mascalchi, Mario (AUTHOR), Viggiano, Maria Pia (AUTHOR)
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience. May2019, Vol. 49 Issue 9, p1171-1179. 9p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Impulse (Psychology), Response inhibition, Sensorimotor cortex, Cognitive ability, Young adults, Wakefulness
Abstract: The ability to flexibly regulate our behavior is a fundamental feature of human cognition and requires efficient functioning of cognitive control. During movement preparation, proactive inhibitory control plays a crucial role in regulating the excitatory activity carried out by alertness. The balance between alertness and proactive inhibition could be altered in people with motor impulsivity trait, determining the typical failure in the inhibition of prepotent motor responses. To test this hypothesis, 36 young adults were administered the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale to assess motor impulsivity trait and underwent fMRI acquisition during the execution of an event‐related Go/Nogo task. To investigate motor preparation processes, we analyzed the "readiness" period, in which subjects were waiting and preparing for the upcoming stimulus (Go or Nogo). We found a positive significant correlation between motor impulsivity scores and the activation of left sensorimotor cortices. This result indicates that motor impulsivity trait might be associated with a disinhibition of the motor system, characterized by a diminished reactivity threshold and a reduced control over covert urges. Furthermore, we observed a positive significant correlation between motor impulsivity scores and the activation in left inferior and superior parietal lobule, which might be related to a more pronounced proactive control, probably reflecting a compensatory mechanism implemented by participants with a higher degree of motor impulsivity trait to reach a correct inhibition. Current findings provide a rationale for further studies aiming to better understand proactive control functioning in healthy impulsive subjects and under clinical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Impulsivity trait and proactive cognitive control: An fMRI study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gavazzi%2C+Gioele%22">Gavazzi, Gioele</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rossi%2C+Arianna%22">Rossi, Arianna</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Orsolini%2C+Stefano%22">Orsolini, Stefano</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Diciotti%2C+Stefano%22">Diciotti, Stefano</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Giovannelli%2C+Fabio%22">Giovannelli, Fabio</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salvadori%2C+Emilia%22">Salvadori, Emilia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pantoni%2C+Leonardo%22">Pantoni, Leonardo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mascalchi%2C+Mario%22">Mascalchi, Mario</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Viggiano%2C+Maria+Pia%22">Viggiano, Maria Pia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Neuroscience%22">European Journal of Neuroscience</searchLink>. May2019, Vol. 49 Issue 9, p1171-1179. 9p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impulse+%28Psychology%29%22">Impulse (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Response+inhibition%22">Response inhibition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensorimotor+cortex%22">Sensorimotor cortex</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+ability%22">Cognitive ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Young+adults%22">Young adults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wakefulness%22">Wakefulness</searchLink>
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  Data: The ability to flexibly regulate our behavior is a fundamental feature of human cognition and requires efficient functioning of cognitive control. During movement preparation, proactive inhibitory control plays a crucial role in regulating the excitatory activity carried out by alertness. The balance between alertness and proactive inhibition could be altered in people with motor impulsivity trait, determining the typical failure in the inhibition of prepotent motor responses. To test this hypothesis, 36 young adults were administered the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale to assess motor impulsivity trait and underwent fMRI acquisition during the execution of an event‐related Go/Nogo task. To investigate motor preparation processes, we analyzed the "readiness" period, in which subjects were waiting and preparing for the upcoming stimulus (Go or Nogo). We found a positive significant correlation between motor impulsivity scores and the activation of left sensorimotor cortices. This result indicates that motor impulsivity trait might be associated with a disinhibition of the motor system, characterized by a diminished reactivity threshold and a reduced control over covert urges. Furthermore, we observed a positive significant correlation between motor impulsivity scores and the activation in left inferior and superior parietal lobule, which might be related to a more pronounced proactive control, probably reflecting a compensatory mechanism implemented by participants with a higher degree of motor impulsivity trait to reach a correct inhibition. Current findings provide a rationale for further studies aiming to better understand proactive control functioning in healthy impulsive subjects and under clinical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: May2019
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