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Spatial mental representations: the influence of age on route learning from maps and navigation.

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Title: Spatial mental representations: the influence of age on route learning from maps and navigation.
Authors: Muffato, Veronica (AUTHOR), Meneghetti, Chiara (AUTHOR), De Beni, Rossana (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychological Research. Nov2019, Vol. 83 Issue 8, p1836-1850. 15p. 5 Charts, 1 Graph, 1 Map.
Subjects: Nautical charts, Adult learning, Mental representation, Age groups, Young adults, Cognitive maps (Psychology), Short-term memory, Age factors in memory
Abstract: Experiencing an environment by navigating in it or reading a map (route and survey views, respectively) is a typical activity of everyday life. Previous research has demonstrated that aging coincides with a decline in spatial learning, but it is unclear whether this depends to some degree on how the learning conditions relate to the method used to assess the recall. The present study aims to shed light on this issue. Forty-six young, 43 young-old and 38 old-old adults learned outdoor environments from a map and a video, then performed sketch map and route repetition tasks. Participants were assessed on their visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM), and reported their self-assessed visuo-spatial inclinations. The results showed that young adults completed the sketch maps more accurately after learning from a map rather than a video. The same was true of the young-old participants (but not of the old-old), though their performance was not as good as the younger group's. The learning condition had no effect on the route repetition task, however, and only age-related differences emerged, with both older groups performing less well than the young adults. After controlling for learning condition and age group, VSWM and participants' reported propensity to explore places predicted their accuracy in both types of spatial task. The overall results, discussed in the light of spatial cognitive and aging models, show that learning condition (combined with recall tasks) and visuo-spatial factors influence spatial representations, even in aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychological Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Spatial mental representations: the influence of age on route learning from maps and navigation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muffato%2C+Veronica%22">Muffato, Veronica</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meneghetti%2C+Chiara%22">Meneghetti, Chiara</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+Beni%2C+Rossana%22">De Beni, Rossana</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nautical+charts%22">Nautical charts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adult+learning%22">Adult learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+representation%22">Mental representation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+groups%22">Age groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Young+adults%22">Young adults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+maps+%28Psychology%29%22">Cognitive maps (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Short-term+memory%22">Short-term memory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+factors+in+memory%22">Age factors in memory</searchLink>
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  Data: Experiencing an environment by navigating in it or reading a map (route and survey views, respectively) is a typical activity of everyday life. Previous research has demonstrated that aging coincides with a decline in spatial learning, but it is unclear whether this depends to some degree on how the learning conditions relate to the method used to assess the recall. The present study aims to shed light on this issue. Forty-six young, 43 young-old and 38 old-old adults learned outdoor environments from a map and a video, then performed sketch map and route repetition tasks. Participants were assessed on their visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM), and reported their self-assessed visuo-spatial inclinations. The results showed that young adults completed the sketch maps more accurately after learning from a map rather than a video. The same was true of the young-old participants (but not of the old-old), though their performance was not as good as the younger group's. The learning condition had no effect on the route repetition task, however, and only age-related differences emerged, with both older groups performing less well than the young adults. After controlling for learning condition and age group, VSWM and participants' reported propensity to explore places predicted their accuracy in both types of spatial task. The overall results, discussed in the light of spatial cognitive and aging models, show that learning condition (combined with recall tasks) and visuo-spatial factors influence spatial representations, even in aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00426-018-1033-4
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        Text: English
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      – TitleFull: Spatial mental representations: the influence of age on route learning from maps and navigation.
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              Text: Nov2019
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