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Detachable low dead space syringes for the prevention of hepatitis C among people who inject drugs in Bristol, UK: an economic evaluation.

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Title: Detachable low dead space syringes for the prevention of hepatitis C among people who inject drugs in Bristol, UK: an economic evaluation.
Authors: Hancock, Elizabeth (AUTHOR), Ward, Zoe (AUTHOR), Ayres, Rachel (AUTHOR), Neale, Jane (AUTHOR), Hussey, Deborah (AUTHOR), Kesten, Joanna May (AUTHOR), Hickman, Matthew (AUTHOR), Vickerman, Peter (AUTHOR)
Source: Addiction. Apr2020, Vol. 115 Issue 4, p702-713. 12p. 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Hepatitis C prevention, Intravenous drug abuse, Infectious disease transmission, Cost control, Cost effectiveness, Needle exchange programs, Personnel management, Quality of life, Syringes, Drug abusers
Geographic Terms: United Kingdom
Abstract: Background and Aims: Traditional detachable syringes used by people who inject drugs (PWID) retain larger volumes of blood when the plunger is depressed than syringes with fixed needles—referred to as high (HDSS) and low dead space syringes (LDSS), respectively. Evidence suggests that using HDSS may result in greater hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission risk than LDSS. We evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of an intervention to introduce detachable LDSS in a needle and syringe programme (NSP). Design HCV transmission and disease progression model with cost‐effectiveness analysis using a health‐care perspective. Detachable LDSS are associated with increased costs (£0.008) per syringe, yearly staff training costs (£536) and an estimated decreased risk (by 47.5%) of HCV transmission compared with HDSS. The intervention was modelled for 10 years, with costs and health benefits (quality‐adjusted life‐years: QALYs) tracked over 50 years. Setting: Bristol, UK. Participants and Cases: PWID attending NSP. Intervention and comparator: Gradual replacement of HDSS at NSP, with 8, 58 and 95% of HDSS being replaced by detachable LDSS in 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. Comparator was continuing use of HDSS. Measurements Net monetary benefit. Benefits were measured in QALYs. Findings Introducing detachable LDSS was associated with a small increase in intervention costs (£21 717) compared with not introducing detachable LDSS, but considerable savings in HCV‐related treatment and care costs (£4 138 118). Overall cost savings were £4 116 401 over 50 years and QALY gains were 1000, with an estimated 30% reduction in new infections over the 10‐year intervention period. In all sensitivity analyses, detachable LDSS resulted in cost savings and additional QALYs. Threshold analyses suggested that detachable LDSS would need to reduce HCV transmission risk of HDSS by 0.26% to be cost‐saving and 0.04% to be cost‐effective. Conclusions: Replacing high dead space syringes with detachable low dead space syringes in needle and syringe programmes in the United Kingdom is likely to be a cost‐saving approach for reducing hepatitis C virus transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Addiction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Detachable low dead space syringes for the prevention of hepatitis C among people who inject drugs in Bristol, UK: an economic evaluation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Addiction%22">Addiction</searchLink>. Apr2020, Vol. 115 Issue 4, p702-713. 12p. 1 Color Photograph, 1 Diagram, 6 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hepatitis+C+prevention%22">Hepatitis C prevention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intravenous+drug+abuse%22">Intravenous drug abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Infectious+disease+transmission%22">Infectious disease transmission</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cost+control%22">Cost control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cost+effectiveness%22">Cost effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Needle+exchange+programs%22">Needle exchange programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personnel+management%22">Personnel management</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quality+of+life%22">Quality of life</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Syringes%22">Syringes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+abusers%22">Drug abusers</searchLink>
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  Data: Background and Aims: Traditional detachable syringes used by people who inject drugs (PWID) retain larger volumes of blood when the plunger is depressed than syringes with fixed needles—referred to as high (HDSS) and low dead space syringes (LDSS), respectively. Evidence suggests that using HDSS may result in greater hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission risk than LDSS. We evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of an intervention to introduce detachable LDSS in a needle and syringe programme (NSP). Design HCV transmission and disease progression model with cost‐effectiveness analysis using a health‐care perspective. Detachable LDSS are associated with increased costs (£0.008) per syringe, yearly staff training costs (£536) and an estimated decreased risk (by 47.5%) of HCV transmission compared with HDSS. The intervention was modelled for 10 years, with costs and health benefits (quality‐adjusted life‐years: QALYs) tracked over 50 years. Setting: Bristol, UK. Participants and Cases: PWID attending NSP. Intervention and comparator: Gradual replacement of HDSS at NSP, with 8, 58 and 95% of HDSS being replaced by detachable LDSS in 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. Comparator was continuing use of HDSS. Measurements Net monetary benefit. Benefits were measured in QALYs. Findings Introducing detachable LDSS was associated with a small increase in intervention costs (£21 717) compared with not introducing detachable LDSS, but considerable savings in HCV‐related treatment and care costs (£4 138 118). Overall cost savings were £4 116 401 over 50 years and QALY gains were 1000, with an estimated 30% reduction in new infections over the 10‐year intervention period. In all sensitivity analyses, detachable LDSS resulted in cost savings and additional QALYs. Threshold analyses suggested that detachable LDSS would need to reduce HCV transmission risk of HDSS by 0.26% to be cost‐saving and 0.04% to be cost‐effective. Conclusions: Replacing high dead space syringes with detachable low dead space syringes in needle and syringe programmes in the United Kingdom is likely to be a cost‐saving approach for reducing hepatitis C virus transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Addiction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/add.14849
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 702
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      – SubjectFull: Hepatitis C prevention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intravenous drug abuse
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Infectious disease transmission
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      – SubjectFull: Cost control
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      – SubjectFull: Cost effectiveness
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