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A developmental study of the bat/ball problem of CRT: How to override the bias and its relation to executive functioning.

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Title: A developmental study of the bat/ball problem of CRT: How to override the bias and its relation to executive functioning.
Authors: Carriedo, Nuria, Corral, Antonio, Montoro, Pedro R., Herrero, Laura
Source: British Journal of Psychology. May2020, Vol. 111 Issue 2, p335-356. 22p. 4 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Problem solving, Psychological tests, Statistical sampling, Short-term memory, Randomized controlled trials, Executive function, Attentional bias
Abstract: In two experiments, we explored the nature of the bias observed in the bat/ball problem of the cognitive reflection test (Frederick, 2005, J. Econ. Perspect., 19, 25), how to override it, and its relation to executive functioning. Based on the original bat/ball problem, we designed two additional isomorphic items. In Experiment 1, for four age groups, including 7‐, 11‐, and 15‐year‐olds and adults, we determined that the bias is related to the System 1 intervention; the performance in this item was not a matter of mathematical ability and it could be facilitated by changing the order in which the problems were presented. In Experiment 2, we determined that for 15‐year‐olds, good and bad performances in the item were related to executive functioning, particularly response‐distractor inhibition, updating information in working memory, and the regulation of attention; however, subtle differences were identified when the problem was performed in a facilitative context compared with a non‐facilitative context. The results indicated that cognitive abilities are a necessary but non‐sufficient condition to resolve the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of British Journal of Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: A developmental study of the bat/ball problem of CRT: How to override the bias and its relation to executive functioning.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22British+Journal+of+Psychology%22">British Journal of Psychology</searchLink>. May2020, Vol. 111 Issue 2, p335-356. 22p. 4 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: In two experiments, we explored the nature of the bias observed in the bat/ball problem of the cognitive reflection test (Frederick, 2005, J. Econ. Perspect., 19, 25), how to override it, and its relation to executive functioning. Based on the original bat/ball problem, we designed two additional isomorphic items. In Experiment 1, for four age groups, including 7‐, 11‐, and 15‐year‐olds and adults, we determined that the bias is related to the System 1 intervention; the performance in this item was not a matter of mathematical ability and it could be facilitated by changing the order in which the problems were presented. In Experiment 2, we determined that for 15‐year‐olds, good and bad performances in the item were related to executive functioning, particularly response‐distractor inhibition, updating information in working memory, and the regulation of attention; however, subtle differences were identified when the problem was performed in a facilitative context compared with a non‐facilitative context. The results indicated that cognitive abilities are a necessary but non‐sufficient condition to resolve the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of British Journal of Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/bjop.12400
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Statistical sampling
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      – SubjectFull: Short-term memory
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      – SubjectFull: Randomized controlled trials
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      – SubjectFull: Executive function
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              Text: May2020
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