Triple artemisinin-based combination therapies versus artemisinin-based combination therapies for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial.
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| Title: | Triple artemisinin-based combination therapies versus artemisinin-based combination therapies for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial. |
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| Authors: | van der Pluijm, Rob W (AUTHOR), Tripura, Rupam (AUTHOR), Hoglund, Richard M (AUTHOR), Pyae Phyo, Aung (AUTHOR), Lek, Dysoley (AUTHOR), ul Islam, Akhter (AUTHOR), Anvikar, Anupkumar R (AUTHOR), Satpathi, Parthasarathi (AUTHOR), Satpathi, Sanghamitra (AUTHOR), Behera, Prativa Kumari (AUTHOR), Tripura, Amar (AUTHOR), Baidya, Subrata (AUTHOR), Onyamboko, Marie (AUTHOR), Chau, Nguyen Hoang (AUTHOR), Sovann, Yok (AUTHOR), Suon, Seila (AUTHOR), Sreng, Sokunthea (AUTHOR), Mao, Sivanna (AUTHOR), Oun, Savuth (AUTHOR), Yen, Sovannary (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Lancet. 4/25/2020, Vol. 395 Issue 10233, p1345-1360. 16p. |
| Subjects: | Drug therapy for malaria, Quinoline, Protozoa, Quinone, Research, Combination drug therapy, Research methodology, Drug resistance, Mefloquine, Evaluation research, Medical cooperation, Treatment effectiveness, Amodiaquine, Comparative studies, Randomized controlled trials, Research funding, Antimalarials, Polymerase chain reaction |
| Abstract: | |
| Copyright of Lancet is the property of Lancet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 142950616 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Triple artemisinin-based combination therapies versus artemisinin-based combination therapies for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+der+Pluijm%2C+Rob+W%22">van der Pluijm, Rob W</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tripura%2C+Rupam%22">Tripura, Rupam</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoglund%2C+Richard+M%22">Hoglund, Richard M</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pyae+Phyo%2C+Aung%22">Pyae Phyo, Aung</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lek%2C+Dysoley%22">Lek, Dysoley</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22ul+Islam%2C+Akhter%22">ul Islam, Akhter</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anvikar%2C+Anupkumar+R%22">Anvikar, Anupkumar R</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Satpathi%2C+Parthasarathi%22">Satpathi, Parthasarathi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Satpathi%2C+Sanghamitra%22">Satpathi, Sanghamitra</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Behera%2C+Prativa+Kumari%22">Behera, Prativa Kumari</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tripura%2C+Amar%22">Tripura, Amar</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baidya%2C+Subrata%22">Baidya, Subrata</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Onyamboko%2C+Marie%22">Onyamboko, Marie</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chau%2C+Nguyen+Hoang%22">Chau, Nguyen Hoang</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sovann%2C+Yok%22">Sovann, Yok</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Suon%2C+Seila%22">Suon, Seila</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sreng%2C+Sokunthea%22">Sreng, Sokunthea</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mao%2C+Sivanna%22">Mao, Sivanna</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oun%2C+Savuth%22">Oun, Savuth</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yen%2C+Sovannary%22">Yen, Sovannary</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Lancet%22">Lancet</searchLink>. 4/25/2020, Vol. 395 Issue 10233, p1345-1360. 16p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+therapy+for+malaria%22">Drug therapy for malaria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quinoline%22">Quinoline</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Protozoa%22">Protozoa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quinone%22">Quinone</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Combination+drug+therapy%22">Combination drug therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+resistance%22">Drug resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mefloquine%22">Mefloquine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation+research%22">Evaluation research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+cooperation%22">Medical cooperation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Amodiaquine%22">Amodiaquine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Randomized+controlled+trials%22">Randomized controlled trials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antimalarials%22">Antimalarials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymerase+chain+reaction%22">Polymerase chain reaction</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: <bold>Background: </bold>Artemisinin and partner-drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum are major threats to malaria control and elimination. Triple artemisinin-based combination therapies (TACTs), which combine existing co-formulated ACTs with a second partner drug that is slowly eliminated, might provide effective treatment and delay emergence of antimalarial drug resistance.<bold>Methods: </bold>In this multicentre, open-label, randomised trial, we recruited patients with uncomplicated P falciparum malaria at 18 hospitals and health clinics in eight countries. Eligible patients were aged 2-65 years, with acute, uncomplicated P falciparum malaria alone or mixed with non-falciparum species, and a temperature of 37·5°C or higher, or a history of fever in the past 24 h. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to one of two treatments using block randomisation, depending on their location: in Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Myanmar patients were assigned to either dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine; at three sites in Cambodia they were assigned to either artesunate-mefloquine or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine; and in Laos, Myanmar, Bangladesh, India, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo they were assigned to either artemether-lumefantrine or artemether-lumefantrine plus amodiaquine. All drugs were administered orally and doses varied by drug combination and site. Patients were followed-up weekly for 42 days. The primary endpoint was efficacy, defined by 42-day PCR-corrected adequate clinical and parasitological response. Primary analysis was by intention to treat. A detailed assessment of safety and tolerability of the study drugs was done in all patients randomly assigned to treatment. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02453308, and is complete.<bold>Findings: </bold>Between Aug 7, 2015, and Feb 8, 2018, 1100 patients were given either dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (183 [17%]), dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine (269 [24%]), artesunate-mefloquine (73 [7%]), artemether-lumefantrine (289 [26%]), or artemether-lumefantrine plus amodiaquine (286 [26%]). The median age was 23 years (IQR 13 to 34) and 854 (78%) of 1100 patients were male. In Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam the 42-day PCR-corrected efficacy after dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine was 98% (149 of 152; 95% CI 94 to 100) and after dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine was 48% (67 of 141; 95% CI 39 to 56; risk difference 51%, 95% CI 42 to 59; p<0·0001). Efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine in the three sites in Myanmar was 91% (42 of 46; 95% CI 79 to 98) versus 100% (42 of 42; 95% CI 92 to 100) after dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (risk difference 9%, 95% CI 1 to 17; p=0·12). The 42-day PCR corrected efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine (96% [68 of 71; 95% CI 88 to 99]) was non-inferior to that of artesunate-mefloquine (95% [69 of 73; 95% CI 87 to 99]) in three sites in Cambodia (risk difference 1%; 95% CI -6 to 8; p=1·00). The overall 42-day PCR-corrected efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine plus amodiaquine (98% [281 of 286; 95% CI 97 to 99]) was similar to that of artemether-lumefantrine (97% [279 of 289; 95% CI 94 to 98]; risk difference 2%, 95% CI -1 to 4; p=0·30). Both TACTs were well tolerated, although early vomiting (within 1 h) was more frequent after dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine (30 [3·8%] of 794) than after dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (eight [1·5%] of 543; p=0·012). Vomiting after artemether-lumefantrine plus amodiaquine (22 [1·3%] of 1703) and artemether-lumefantrine (11 [0·6%] of 1721) was infrequent. Adding amodiaquine to artemether-lumefantrine extended the electrocardiogram corrected QT interval (mean increase at 52 h compared with baseline of 8·8 ms [SD 18·6] vs 0·9 ms [16·1]; p<0·01) but adding mefloquine to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine did not (mean increase of 22·1 ms [SD 19·2] for dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine vs 20·8 ms [SD 17·8] for dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine; p=0·50).<bold>Interpretation: </bold>Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine plus mefloquine and artemether-lumefantrine plus amodiaquine TACTs are efficacious, well tolerated, and safe treatments of uncomplicated P falciparum malaria, including in areas with artemisinin and ACT partner-drug resistance.<bold>Funding: </bold>UK Department for International Development, Wellcome Trust, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, UK Medical Research Council, and US National Institutes of Health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Lancet is the property of Lancet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30552-3 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 16 StartPage: 1345 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Drug therapy for malaria Type: general – SubjectFull: Quinoline Type: general – SubjectFull: Protozoa Type: general – SubjectFull: Quinone Type: general – SubjectFull: Research Type: general – SubjectFull: Combination drug therapy Type: general – SubjectFull: Research methodology Type: general – SubjectFull: Drug resistance Type: general – SubjectFull: Mefloquine Type: general – SubjectFull: Evaluation research Type: general – SubjectFull: Medical cooperation Type: general – SubjectFull: Treatment effectiveness Type: general – SubjectFull: Amodiaquine Type: general – SubjectFull: Comparative studies Type: general – SubjectFull: Randomized controlled trials Type: general – SubjectFull: Research funding Type: general – SubjectFull: Antimalarials Type: general – SubjectFull: Polymerase chain reaction Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Triple artemisinin-based combination therapies versus artemisinin-based combination therapies for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: van der Pluijm, Rob W – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Tripura, Rupam – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hoglund, Richard M – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pyae Phyo, Aung – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lek, Dysoley – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: ul Islam, Akhter – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Anvikar, Anupkumar R – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Satpathi, Parthasarathi – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Satpathi, Sanghamitra – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Behera, Prativa Kumari – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Tripura, Amar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Baidya, Subrata – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Onyamboko, Marie – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chau, Nguyen Hoang – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sovann, Yok – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Suon, Seila – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sreng, Sokunthea – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mao, Sivanna – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Oun, Savuth – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yen, Sovannary IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 25 M: 04 Text: 4/25/2020 Type: published Y: 2020 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 01406736 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 395 – Type: issue Value: 10233 Titles: – TitleFull: Lancet Type: main |
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