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Cognitive and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis.

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Title: Cognitive and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis.
Authors: Montag, C. (AUTHOR), Brandt, L. (AUTHOR), Lehmann, A. (AUTHOR), De Millas, W. (AUTHOR), Falkai, P. (AUTHOR), Gaebel, W. (AUTHOR), Hasan, A. (AUTHOR), Hellmich, M. (AUTHOR), Janssen, B. (AUTHOR), Juckel, G. (AUTHOR), Karow, A. (AUTHOR), Klosterkötter, J. (AUTHOR), Lambert, M. (AUTHOR), Maier, W. (AUTHOR), Müller, H. (AUTHOR), Pützfeld, V. (AUTHOR), Schneider, F. (AUTHOR), Stützer, H. (AUTHOR), Wobrock, T. (AUTHOR), Vernaleken, I. B. (AUTHOR)
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Jul2020, Vol. 142 Issue 1, p40-51. 12p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Empathy, Social perception, Social skills, Behavioral assessment, Psychoses, Schizoaffective disorders
Abstract: Background: Impairments of social cognition are considered core features of schizophrenia and are established predictors of social functioning. However, affective aspects of social cognition including empathy have far less been studied than its cognitive dimensions. The role of empathy in the development of schizophrenia remains largely elusive. Methods: Emotional and cognitive empathy were investigated in large sample of 120 individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis (CHR‐P) and compared with 50 patients with schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls. A behavioral empathy assessment, the Multifaceted Empathy Test, was implemented, and associations of empathy with cognition, social functioning, and symptoms were determined. Results: Our findings demonstrated significant reductions of emotional empathy in individuals at CHR‐P, while cognitive empathy appeared intact. Only individuals with schizophrenia showed significantly reduced scores of cognitive empathy compared to healthy controls and individuals at CHR‐P. Individuals at CHR‐P were characterized by significantly lower scores of emotional empathy and unspecific arousal for both positive and negative affective valences compared to matched healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. Results also indicated a correlation of lower scores of emotional empathy and arousal with higher scores of prodromal symptoms. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the tendency to 'feel with' an interaction partner is reduced in individuals at CHR‐P. Altered emotional reactivity may represent an additional, early vulnerability marker, even if cognitive mentalizing is grossly unimpaired in the prodromal stage. Different mechanisms might contribute to reductions of cognitive and emotional empathy in different stages of non‐affective psychotic disorders and should be further explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Cognitive and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Montag%2C+C%2E%22">Montag, C.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brandt%2C+L%2E%22">Brandt, L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lehmann%2C+A%2E%22">Lehmann, A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+Millas%2C+W%2E%22">De Millas, W.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Falkai%2C+P%2E%22">Falkai, P.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gaebel%2C+W%2E%22">Gaebel, W.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hasan%2C+A%2E%22">Hasan, A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hellmich%2C+M%2E%22">Hellmich, M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Janssen%2C+B%2E%22">Janssen, B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Juckel%2C+G%2E%22">Juckel, G.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karow%2C+A%2E%22">Karow, A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Klosterkötter%2C+J%2E%22">Klosterkötter, J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lambert%2C+M%2E%22">Lambert, M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maier%2C+W%2E%22">Maier, W.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Müller%2C+H%2E%22">Müller, H.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pützfeld%2C+V%2E%22">Pützfeld, V.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schneider%2C+F%2E%22">Schneider, F.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stützer%2C+H%2E%22">Stützer, H.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wobrock%2C+T%2E%22">Wobrock, T.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vernaleken%2C+I%2E+B%2E%22">Vernaleken, I. B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Acta+Psychiatrica+Scandinavica%22">Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica</searchLink>. Jul2020, Vol. 142 Issue 1, p40-51. 12p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: Background: Impairments of social cognition are considered core features of schizophrenia and are established predictors of social functioning. However, affective aspects of social cognition including empathy have far less been studied than its cognitive dimensions. The role of empathy in the development of schizophrenia remains largely elusive. Methods: Emotional and cognitive empathy were investigated in large sample of 120 individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis (CHR‐P) and compared with 50 patients with schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls. A behavioral empathy assessment, the Multifaceted Empathy Test, was implemented, and associations of empathy with cognition, social functioning, and symptoms were determined. Results: Our findings demonstrated significant reductions of emotional empathy in individuals at CHR‐P, while cognitive empathy appeared intact. Only individuals with schizophrenia showed significantly reduced scores of cognitive empathy compared to healthy controls and individuals at CHR‐P. Individuals at CHR‐P were characterized by significantly lower scores of emotional empathy and unspecific arousal for both positive and negative affective valences compared to matched healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. Results also indicated a correlation of lower scores of emotional empathy and arousal with higher scores of prodromal symptoms. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the tendency to 'feel with' an interaction partner is reduced in individuals at CHR‐P. Altered emotional reactivity may represent an additional, early vulnerability marker, even if cognitive mentalizing is grossly unimpaired in the prodromal stage. Different mechanisms might contribute to reductions of cognitive and emotional empathy in different stages of non‐affective psychotic disorders and should be further explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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