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Affect Recall Bias: Being Resilient by Distorting Reality.

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Title: Affect Recall Bias: Being Resilient by Distorting Reality.
Authors: Colombo, Desirée (AUTHOR), Suso-Ribera, Carlos (AUTHOR), Fernández-Álvarez, Javier (AUTHOR), Cipresso, Pietro (AUTHOR), Garcia-Palacios, Azucena (AUTHOR), Riva, Giuseppe (AUTHOR), Botella, Cristina (AUTHOR)
Source: Cognitive Therapy & Research. Oct2020, Vol. 44 Issue 5, p906-918. 13p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts.
Subjects: Memory bias, Mental health, Psychological well-being, Association of ideas, Learning strategies, Psychological resilience
Abstract: Background: According to a growing body of literature, people are quite inaccurate in recalling past affective experiences. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying this recall bias (i.e., the tendency to overestimate and/or underestimate positive or negative past emotional experiences) remains unclear, and its association with mental health has not been studied yet. Methods: We adopted a smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment to monitor daily affect (n = 92) and investigate the association between affect recall bias, mental health and resilience. Results: While the tendency to overestimate negative affective experiences was observed in participants reporting mild depressive symptoms, positive affect (PA) overestimation as compared to PA underestimation was associated with better mental health (i.e. higher psychological well-being and lower depressive and anxiety symptoms) through the enhancement of resilience. Furthermore, positively biased participants (i.e. PA over estimators) benefited from greater well-being, even when compared to accurate individuals. Conclusions: While people appear to use retrospective PA overestimation as a strategy to enhance well-being and resilience, they are not likely to underestimate past negative experiences to feel better. Accordingly, owning an optimistic vision of the past may represent an adaptive "distortion" of reality that fosters people's mental health. The clinical implications of cultivating PA and learning strategies to regulate both negative and positive emotions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Cognitive Therapy & Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Affect Recall Bias: Being Resilient by Distorting Reality.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Colombo%2C+Desirée%22">Colombo, Desirée</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Suso-Ribera%2C+Carlos%22">Suso-Ribera, Carlos</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fernández-Álvarez%2C+Javier%22">Fernández-Álvarez, Javier</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cipresso%2C+Pietro%22">Cipresso, Pietro</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Garcia-Palacios%2C+Azucena%22">Garcia-Palacios, Azucena</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Riva%2C+Giuseppe%22">Riva, Giuseppe</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Botella%2C+Cristina%22">Botella, Cristina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Cognitive+Therapy+%26+Research%22">Cognitive Therapy & Research</searchLink>. Oct2020, Vol. 44 Issue 5, p906-918. 13p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Memory+bias%22">Memory bias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+well-being%22">Psychological well-being</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Association+of+ideas%22">Association of ideas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+strategies%22">Learning strategies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+resilience%22">Psychological resilience</searchLink>
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  Data: Background: According to a growing body of literature, people are quite inaccurate in recalling past affective experiences. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying this recall bias (i.e., the tendency to overestimate and/or underestimate positive or negative past emotional experiences) remains unclear, and its association with mental health has not been studied yet. Methods: We adopted a smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment to monitor daily affect (n = 92) and investigate the association between affect recall bias, mental health and resilience. Results: While the tendency to overestimate negative affective experiences was observed in participants reporting mild depressive symptoms, positive affect (PA) overestimation as compared to PA underestimation was associated with better mental health (i.e. higher psychological well-being and lower depressive and anxiety symptoms) through the enhancement of resilience. Furthermore, positively biased participants (i.e. PA over estimators) benefited from greater well-being, even when compared to accurate individuals. Conclusions: While people appear to use retrospective PA overestimation as a strategy to enhance well-being and resilience, they are not likely to underestimate past negative experiences to feel better. Accordingly, owning an optimistic vision of the past may represent an adaptive "distortion" of reality that fosters people's mental health. The clinical implications of cultivating PA and learning strategies to regulate both negative and positive emotions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Cognitive Therapy & Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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