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The Effectiveness of a Mnemonic-Type Startle and Surprise Management Procedure for Pilots.

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Title: The Effectiveness of a Mnemonic-Type Startle and Surprise Management Procedure for Pilots.
Authors: Landman, Annemarie, van Middelaar, Sophie H., Groen, Eric L., van Paassen, M. M. (René), Bronkhorst, Adelbert W., Mulder, Max
Source: International Journal of Aerospace Psychology. Jul-Dec2020, Vol. 30 Issue 3/4, p104-118. 15p.
Subjects: Mnemonics, Air pilots, Experimental groups, Decision making, Shoulder
Abstract: Background: Mnemonic-type startle and surprise procedures were previously proposed to help pilots cope with startle and surprise in-flight, but effects on performance after procedure execution have not yet been investigated. Objective: Thus, we tested the effectiveness a new mnemonic-type procedure in a moving-base simulator with a non-linear model of a small twin-propeller aircraft flown single-pilot. Method: An experimental group of twelve line pilots was trained to use a four-item procedure: 1. Calm down: take a deep breath, sit up straight and relax shoulders and hands. 2. Observe: call out the basic flight parameters. 3. Outline: formulate a hypothesis about the problem. 4. Lead: formulate and execute a plan of action. A control group of twelve line pilots received a control training. Next, all pilots performed four scenarios with startling and surprising events. Data were obtained on pilot performance, stress, procedure application and evaluation. Results: Application of the procedure in the test scenarios was high (90.0% full, 100.0% partly), and pilots evaluated the procedure positively (median: 4 on a 1–5 point scale). There was significantly superior decision-making in the experimental group, but immediate responses were significantly less optimal. Pilots sometimes applied the procedure at inappropriate moments. Conclusion: The results of the tested mnemonic-type procedure were promising. The procedure may benefit, however, from modifications to reduce complexity and to stimulate application at the appropriate moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Aerospace Psychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: The Effectiveness of a Mnemonic-Type Startle and Surprise Management Procedure for Pilots.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Landman%2C+Annemarie%22">Landman, Annemarie</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Middelaar%2C+Sophie+H%2E%22">van Middelaar, Sophie H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Groen%2C+Eric+L%2E%22">Groen, Eric L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Paassen%2C+M%2E+M%2E+%28René%29%22">van Paassen, M. M. (René)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bronkhorst%2C+Adelbert+W%2E%22">Bronkhorst, Adelbert W.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mulder%2C+Max%22">Mulder, Max</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Aerospace+Psychology%22">International Journal of Aerospace Psychology</searchLink>. Jul-Dec2020, Vol. 30 Issue 3/4, p104-118. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mnemonics%22">Mnemonics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Air+pilots%22">Air pilots</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experimental+groups%22">Experimental groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Decision+making%22">Decision making</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shoulder%22">Shoulder</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Mnemonic-type startle and surprise procedures were previously proposed to help pilots cope with startle and surprise in-flight, but effects on performance after procedure execution have not yet been investigated. Objective: Thus, we tested the effectiveness a new mnemonic-type procedure in a moving-base simulator with a non-linear model of a small twin-propeller aircraft flown single-pilot. Method: An experimental group of twelve line pilots was trained to use a four-item procedure: 1. Calm down: take a deep breath, sit up straight and relax shoulders and hands. 2. Observe: call out the basic flight parameters. 3. Outline: formulate a hypothesis about the problem. 4. Lead: formulate and execute a plan of action. A control group of twelve line pilots received a control training. Next, all pilots performed four scenarios with startling and surprising events. Data were obtained on pilot performance, stress, procedure application and evaluation. Results: Application of the procedure in the test scenarios was high (90.0% full, 100.0% partly), and pilots evaluated the procedure positively (median: 4 on a 1–5 point scale). There was significantly superior decision-making in the experimental group, but immediate responses were significantly less optimal. Pilots sometimes applied the procedure at inappropriate moments. Conclusion: The results of the tested mnemonic-type procedure were promising. The procedure may benefit, however, from modifications to reduce complexity and to stimulate application at the appropriate moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Aerospace Psychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=146807247
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        Value: 10.1080/24721840.2020.1763798
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        Text: English
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              Text: Jul-Dec2020
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