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Prior trauma‐related experiences predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder after a new traumatic event.

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Title: Prior trauma‐related experiences predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder after a new traumatic event.
Authors: Gould, Felicia (AUTHOR), Harvey, Philip D. (AUTHOR), Hodgins, Gabrielle (AUTHOR), Jones, Mackenzie T. (AUTHOR), Michopoulos, Vasiliki (AUTHOR), Maples‐Keller, Jessica (AUTHOR), Rothbaum, Barbara O. (AUTHOR), Rothbaum, Alex O. (AUTHOR), Ressler, Kerry J. (AUTHOR), Nemeroff, Charles B. (AUTHOR)
Source: Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269). Jan2021, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p40-47. 8p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder, Child abuse, Analysis of variance
Geographic Terms: Miami (Fla.), Atlanta (Ga.)
Abstract: Background: Many reports have documented the relationship between previous traumatic experiences, including childhood trauma, and the development of later life psychopathology, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Identification of individuals at greatest risk for the development of PTSD could lead to preventative interventions. The present study examined the developmental course of PTSD after trauma exposure, using histories of previous traumatic experiences and the severity of the reaction to the trauma as predictors. Methods: Participants (N = 713) were recruited from Emergency Departments in Miami and Atlanta immediately following a traumatic experience. Histories of previous traumatic experiences and the immediate reaction to the new trauma were examined at baseline. Follow‐up assessments of PTSD severity were conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months. Results: Histories of child abuse and pre‐existing trauma symptoms predicted the immediate response to stress (R2 =.21, p <.001) and the initial trauma reaction (p <.005).) A mixed‐model repeated‐measures analysis of variance found that immediate stress response and a history of prior trauma (p <.001) significantly predicted the course of PTSD symptoms. Area under the curve (AUC) analyses suggested that the presence of PTSD at each successive assessment was predicted most substantially by the severity of PTSD at the immediately prior follow‐up assessment (AUC > 0.86). Conclusions: The current findings suggest that previous traumatic experiences lead to a greater immediate reaction to trauma and combine to predict the development of PTSD, the maintenance of which is not moderated by these earlier experiences. The identification of people likely to develop PTSD may be aided by the assessment of prior experiences and immediate reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Background: Many reports have documented the relationship between previous traumatic experiences, including childhood trauma, and the development of later life psychopathology, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Identification of individuals at greatest risk for the development of PTSD could lead to preventative interventions. The present study examined the developmental course of PTSD after trauma exposure, using histories of previous traumatic experiences and the severity of the reaction to the trauma as predictors. Methods: Participants (N = 713) were recruited from Emergency Departments in Miami and Atlanta immediately following a traumatic experience. Histories of previous traumatic experiences and the immediate reaction to the new trauma were examined at baseline. Follow‐up assessments of PTSD severity were conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months. Results: Histories of child abuse and pre‐existing trauma symptoms predicted the immediate response to stress (R2 =.21, p &lt;.001) and the initial trauma reaction (p &lt;.005).) A mixed‐model repeated‐measures analysis of variance found that immediate stress response and a history of prior trauma (p &lt;.001) significantly predicted the course of PTSD symptoms. Area under the curve (AUC) analyses suggested that the presence of PTSD at each successive assessment was predicted most substantially by the severity of PTSD at the immediately prior follow‐up assessment (AUC &gt; 0.86). Conclusions: The current findings suggest that previous traumatic experiences lead to a greater immediate reaction to trauma and combine to predict the development of PTSD, the maintenance of which is not moderated by these earlier experiences. The identification of people likely to develop PTSD may be aided by the assessment of prior experiences and immediate reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Depression &amp; Anxiety (1091-4269) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/da.23084
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 40
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Post-traumatic stress disorder
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Child abuse
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance
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      – SubjectFull: Miami (Fla.)
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      – SubjectFull: Atlanta (Ga.)
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      – TitleFull: Prior trauma‐related experiences predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder after a new traumatic event.
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              Text: Jan2021
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              Y: 2021
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