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Differential effects of glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists on risky choice as assessed in the risky decision task.

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Title: Differential effects of glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists on risky choice as assessed in the risky decision task.
Authors: Yates, Justin R. (AUTHOR), Horchar, Matthew J. (AUTHOR), Ellis, Alexis L. (AUTHOR), Kappesser, Joy L. (AUTHOR), Mbambu, Prodiges (AUTHOR), Sutphin, Tanner G. (AUTHOR), Dehner, Destiny S. (AUTHOR), Igwe, Hephzibah O. (AUTHOR), Wright, Makayla R. (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychopharmacology. 2021, Vol. 238 Issue 1, p133-148. 16p. 2 Charts, 5 Graphs.
Subjects: Excitatory amino acid antagonists, Methyl aspartate, Methyl aspartate receptors, Train schedules
Abstract: Rationale: Risky choice can be measured using the risky decision task (RDT). In the RDT, animals choose between a large, risky option that is paired with probabilistic foot shock and a small, safe option that is never paired with shock. To date, studies examining the neurochemical basis of decision-making in the RDT have focused primarily on the dopaminergic system but have not focused on the glutamatergic system, which has been implicated in risky decision-making. Objectives: Because glutamate is known to play a critical role in decision-making, we wanted to determine the contribution of the glutamatergic system to performance in the RDT. Methods: In the experiment, 32 rats (16 male; 16 female) were tested in the RDT. The probability of receiving a foot shock increased across the session (ascending schedule) for half of the rats but decreased across the session (descending schedule) for half of the rats. Following training, rats received injections of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor competitive antagonist CGS 19755 (0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 mg/kg; s.c.) and the GluN2B-selective antagonist Ro 63-1908 (0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0 mg/kg; s.c.). Results: CGS 19755 (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) increased risky choice in males and females trained on the ascending schedule. Ro 63-1908 (1.0 mg/kg) decreased risky choice, but only in male rats trained on the ascending schedule. Conclusions: Although NMDA receptor antagonists differentially alter risky choice in the RDT, the current results show that NMDA receptors are an important mediator of decision-making involving probabilistic delivery of positive punishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Differential effects of glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists on risky choice as assessed in the risky decision task.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yates%2C+Justin+R%2E%22">Yates, Justin R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Horchar%2C+Matthew+J%2E%22">Horchar, Matthew J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ellis%2C+Alexis+L%2E%22">Ellis, Alexis L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kappesser%2C+Joy+L%2E%22">Kappesser, Joy L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mbambu%2C+Prodiges%22">Mbambu, Prodiges</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sutphin%2C+Tanner+G%2E%22">Sutphin, Tanner G.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dehner%2C+Destiny+S%2E%22">Dehner, Destiny S.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Igwe%2C+Hephzibah+O%2E%22">Igwe, Hephzibah O.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wright%2C+Makayla+R%2E%22">Wright, Makayla R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychopharmacology%22">Psychopharmacology</searchLink>. 2021, Vol. 238 Issue 1, p133-148. 16p. 2 Charts, 5 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Excitatory+amino+acid+antagonists%22">Excitatory amino acid antagonists</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Methyl+aspartate%22">Methyl aspartate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Methyl+aspartate+receptors%22">Methyl aspartate receptors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Train+schedules%22">Train schedules</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Rationale: Risky choice can be measured using the risky decision task (RDT). In the RDT, animals choose between a large, risky option that is paired with probabilistic foot shock and a small, safe option that is never paired with shock. To date, studies examining the neurochemical basis of decision-making in the RDT have focused primarily on the dopaminergic system but have not focused on the glutamatergic system, which has been implicated in risky decision-making. Objectives: Because glutamate is known to play a critical role in decision-making, we wanted to determine the contribution of the glutamatergic system to performance in the RDT. Methods: In the experiment, 32 rats (16 male; 16 female) were tested in the RDT. The probability of receiving a foot shock increased across the session (ascending schedule) for half of the rats but decreased across the session (descending schedule) for half of the rats. Following training, rats received injections of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor competitive antagonist CGS 19755 (0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 mg/kg; s.c.) and the GluN2B-selective antagonist Ro 63-1908 (0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0 mg/kg; s.c.). Results: CGS 19755 (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) increased risky choice in males and females trained on the ascending schedule. Ro 63-1908 (1.0 mg/kg) decreased risky choice, but only in male rats trained on the ascending schedule. Conclusions: Although NMDA receptor antagonists differentially alter risky choice in the RDT, the current results show that NMDA receptors are an important mediator of decision-making involving probabilistic delivery of positive punishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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