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Inborn differences in emotional behavior coincide with alterations in hypothalamic paraventricular motor projections.

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Title: Inborn differences in emotional behavior coincide with alterations in hypothalamic paraventricular motor projections.
Authors: Shupe, Elizabeth A. (AUTHOR), Glover, Matthew E. (AUTHOR), Unroe, Keaton A. (AUTHOR), Kerman, Ilan A. (AUTHOR), Clinton, Sarah M. (AUTHOR)
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience. Feb2021, Vol. 53 Issue 3, p814-826. 13p. 2 Color Photographs, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Laboratory rats, Neural circuitry, Skeletal muscle, Adrenal glands, Paraventricular nucleus, Response inhibition
Abstract: Integrated behavioral responses to emotionally salient stimuli require the concomitant activation of descending neural circuits that integrate physiological, affective, and motor responses to stress. Our previous work interrogated descending circuits in the brainstem and spinal cord that project to motor and sympathetic targets. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a key node of this circuitry, integrates multiple motor and sympathetic responses activated by stress. The present study sought to determine whether descending projections from the PVN to targets in muscle and adrenal gland are differentially organized in rats with inborn differences in emotionality and stress responsivity. We utilized retrograde transsynaptic tract‐tracing with unique pseudorabies virus (PRV) recombinants that were injected into sympathectomized gastrocnemius muscle and adrenal gland in two rat models featuring inborn differences in emotional behavior. Our tract‐tracing results revealed a significant decrease in the number of PVN neurons with poly‐synaptic projections to the gastrocnemius in male Wistar Kyoto [WKY] rats (versus Sprague Dawley rats) and selectively bred Low Novelty Responder [bLR] rats (versus selectively bred High Novelty Responder [bHR] rats). These neuroanatomical differences mirrored behavioral observations showing that both WKY and bLR rats display marked inhibition of emotional motor responses in a variety of settings relative to their respective controls. Our findings suggest that, in male rodents, PVN poly‐synaptic projections to skeletal muscle may regulate emotional motor and coping responses to stress. More broadly, perturbations in PVN motor circuitry may play a role in mediating psychomotor disturbances observed in depression or anxiety‐related disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Inborn differences in emotional behavior coincide with alterations in hypothalamic paraventricular motor projections.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shupe%2C+Elizabeth+A%2E%22">Shupe, Elizabeth A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Glover%2C+Matthew+E%2E%22">Glover, Matthew E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Unroe%2C+Keaton+A%2E%22">Unroe, Keaton A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kerman%2C+Ilan+A%2E%22">Kerman, Ilan A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clinton%2C+Sarah+M%2E%22">Clinton, Sarah M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Neuroscience%22">European Journal of Neuroscience</searchLink>. Feb2021, Vol. 53 Issue 3, p814-826. 13p. 2 Color Photographs, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laboratory+rats%22">Laboratory rats</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neural+circuitry%22">Neural circuitry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Skeletal+muscle%22">Skeletal muscle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adrenal+glands%22">Adrenal glands</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Paraventricular+nucleus%22">Paraventricular nucleus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Response+inhibition%22">Response inhibition</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Integrated behavioral responses to emotionally salient stimuli require the concomitant activation of descending neural circuits that integrate physiological, affective, and motor responses to stress. Our previous work interrogated descending circuits in the brainstem and spinal cord that project to motor and sympathetic targets. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a key node of this circuitry, integrates multiple motor and sympathetic responses activated by stress. The present study sought to determine whether descending projections from the PVN to targets in muscle and adrenal gland are differentially organized in rats with inborn differences in emotionality and stress responsivity. We utilized retrograde transsynaptic tract‐tracing with unique pseudorabies virus (PRV) recombinants that were injected into sympathectomized gastrocnemius muscle and adrenal gland in two rat models featuring inborn differences in emotional behavior. Our tract‐tracing results revealed a significant decrease in the number of PVN neurons with poly‐synaptic projections to the gastrocnemius in male Wistar Kyoto [WKY] rats (versus Sprague Dawley rats) and selectively bred Low Novelty Responder [bLR] rats (versus selectively bred High Novelty Responder [bHR] rats). These neuroanatomical differences mirrored behavioral observations showing that both WKY and bLR rats display marked inhibition of emotional motor responses in a variety of settings relative to their respective controls. Our findings suggest that, in male rodents, PVN poly‐synaptic projections to skeletal muscle may regulate emotional motor and coping responses to stress. More broadly, perturbations in PVN motor circuitry may play a role in mediating psychomotor disturbances observed in depression or anxiety‐related disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Response inhibition
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              Text: Feb2021
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              Y: 2021
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