Differences in functional and structural social support among female and male veterans and civilians.
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| Title: | Differences in functional and structural social support among female and male veterans and civilians. |
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| Authors: | Campbell, Sarah B. (AUTHOR), Gray, Kristen E. (AUTHOR), Hoerster, Katherine D. (AUTHOR), Fortney, John C. (AUTHOR), Simpson, Tracy L. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology. Mar2021, Vol. 56 Issue 3, p375-386. 12p. |
| Abstract: | Purpose: Social support is an important correlate of health behaviors and outcomes. Studies suggest that veterans have lower social support than civilians, but interpretation is hindered by methodological limitations. Furthermore, little is known about how sex influences veteran–civilian differences. Therefore, we examined veteran–civilian differences in several dimensions of social support and whether differences varied by sex. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the 2012–2013 National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III, a nationally representative sample of 34,331 respondents (male veterans = 2569; female veterans = 356). We examined veteran–civilian differences in functional and structural social support using linear regression and variation by sex with interactions. We adjusted for socio-demographics, childhood experiences, and physical and mental health. Results: Compared to civilians, veterans had lower social network diversity scores (difference [diff] = − 0.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.23, − 0.03). Among women but not men, veterans had smaller social network size (diff = − 2.27, 95% CI − 3.81, − 0.73) than civilians, attributable to differences in religious groups, volunteers, and coworkers. Among men, veterans had lower social network diversity scores than civilians (diff = − 0.13, 95% CI − 0.23, − 0.03); while among women, the difference was similar but did not reach statistical significance (diff = − 0.13, 95% CI − 0.23, 0.09). There was limited evidence of functional social support differences. Conclusion: After accounting for factors that influence military entry and social support, veterans reported significantly lower structural social support, which may be attributable to reintegration challenges and geographic mobility. Findings suggest that veterans could benefit from programs to enhance structural social support and improve health outcomes, with female veterans potentially in greatest need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 148904835 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Differences in functional and structural social support among female and male veterans and civilians. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Campbell%2C+Sarah+B%2E%22">Campbell, Sarah B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gray%2C+Kristen+E%2E%22">Gray, Kristen E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoerster%2C+Katherine+D%2E%22">Hoerster, Katherine D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fortney%2C+John+C%2E%22">Fortney, John C.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Simpson%2C+Tracy+L%2E%22">Simpson, Tracy L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Social+Psychiatry+%26+Psychiatric+Epidemiology%22">Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology</searchLink>. Mar2021, Vol. 56 Issue 3, p375-386. 12p. – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Purpose: Social support is an important correlate of health behaviors and outcomes. Studies suggest that veterans have lower social support than civilians, but interpretation is hindered by methodological limitations. Furthermore, little is known about how sex influences veteran–civilian differences. Therefore, we examined veteran–civilian differences in several dimensions of social support and whether differences varied by sex. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the 2012–2013 National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III, a nationally representative sample of 34,331 respondents (male veterans = 2569; female veterans = 356). We examined veteran–civilian differences in functional and structural social support using linear regression and variation by sex with interactions. We adjusted for socio-demographics, childhood experiences, and physical and mental health. Results: Compared to civilians, veterans had lower social network diversity scores (difference [diff] = − 0.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.23, − 0.03). Among women but not men, veterans had smaller social network size (diff = − 2.27, 95% CI − 3.81, − 0.73) than civilians, attributable to differences in religious groups, volunteers, and coworkers. Among men, veterans had lower social network diversity scores than civilians (diff = − 0.13, 95% CI − 0.23, − 0.03); while among women, the difference was similar but did not reach statistical significance (diff = − 0.13, 95% CI − 0.23, 0.09). There was limited evidence of functional social support differences. Conclusion: After accounting for factors that influence military entry and social support, veterans reported significantly lower structural social support, which may be attributable to reintegration challenges and geographic mobility. Findings suggest that veterans could benefit from programs to enhance structural social support and improve health outcomes, with female veterans potentially in greatest need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s00127-020-01862-4 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 12 StartPage: 375 Titles: – TitleFull: Differences in functional and structural social support among female and male veterans and civilians. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Campbell, Sarah B. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gray, Kristen E. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hoerster, Katherine D. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Fortney, John C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Simpson, Tracy L. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 03 Text: Mar2021 Type: published Y: 2021 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09337954 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 56 – Type: issue Value: 3 Titles: – TitleFull: Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology Type: main |
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