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Evidence for Enhanced Long-term Memory in Professional Musicians and Its Contribution to Novel Word Learning.

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Title: Evidence for Enhanced Long-term Memory in Professional Musicians and Its Contribution to Novel Word Learning.
Authors: Dittinger, Eva (AUTHOR), Korka, Betina (AUTHOR), Besson, Mireille (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. Apr2021, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p662-682. 21p. 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 6 Graphs.
Subjects: Long-term memory, Cognitive ability, Auditory perception, Associative learning, Musicians, Aphasic persons, Tone (Phonetics)
Abstract: Previous studies evidenced transfer effects from professional music training to novel word learning. However, it is unclear whether such an advantage is driven by cascading, bottom–up effects from better auditory perception to semantic processing or by top–down influences from cognitive functions on perception. Moreover, the long-term effects of novel word learning remain an open issue. To address these questions, we used a word learning design, with four different sets of novel words, and we neutralized the potential perceptive and associative learning advantages in musicians. Under such conditions, we did not observe any advantage in musicians on the day of learning (Day 1 [D1]), at neither a behavioral nor an electrophysiological level; this suggests that the previously reported advantages in musicians are likely to be related to bottom–up processes. Nevertheless, 1 month later (Day 30 [D30]) and for all types of novel words, the error increase from D1 to D30 was lower in musicians compared to nonmusicians. In addition, for the set of words that were perceptually difficult to discriminate, only musicians showed typical N400 effects over parietal sites on D30. These results demonstrate that music training improved long-term memory and that transfer effects from music training to word learning (i.e., semantic levels of speech processing) benefit from reinforced (long-term) memory functions. Finally, these findings highlight the positive impact of music training on the acquisition of foreign languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Evidence for Enhanced Long-term Memory in Professional Musicians and Its Contribution to Novel Word Learning.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dittinger%2C+Eva%22">Dittinger, Eva</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Korka%2C+Betina%22">Korka, Betina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Besson%2C+Mireille%22">Besson, Mireille</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Cognitive+Neuroscience%22">Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience</searchLink>. Apr2021, Vol. 33 Issue 4, p662-682. 21p. 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 6 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Long-term+memory%22">Long-term memory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+ability%22">Cognitive ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+perception%22">Auditory perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Associative+learning%22">Associative learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Musicians%22">Musicians</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aphasic+persons%22">Aphasic persons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tone+%28Phonetics%29%22">Tone (Phonetics)</searchLink>
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  Data: Previous studies evidenced transfer effects from professional music training to novel word learning. However, it is unclear whether such an advantage is driven by cascading, bottom–up effects from better auditory perception to semantic processing or by top–down influences from cognitive functions on perception. Moreover, the long-term effects of novel word learning remain an open issue. To address these questions, we used a word learning design, with four different sets of novel words, and we neutralized the potential perceptive and associative learning advantages in musicians. Under such conditions, we did not observe any advantage in musicians on the day of learning (Day 1 [D1]), at neither a behavioral nor an electrophysiological level; this suggests that the previously reported advantages in musicians are likely to be related to bottom–up processes. Nevertheless, 1 month later (Day 30 [D30]) and for all types of novel words, the error increase from D1 to D30 was lower in musicians compared to nonmusicians. In addition, for the set of words that were perceptually difficult to discriminate, only musicians showed typical N400 effects over parietal sites on D30. These results demonstrate that music training improved long-term memory and that transfer effects from music training to word learning (i.e., semantic levels of speech processing) benefit from reinforced (long-term) memory functions. Finally, these findings highlight the positive impact of music training on the acquisition of foreign languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1162/jocn_a_01670
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Auditory perception
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      – SubjectFull: Associative learning
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      – SubjectFull: Musicians
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      – SubjectFull: Aphasic persons
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              Text: Apr2021
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              Y: 2021
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