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Splenic NKG2D confers resilience versus susceptibility in mice after chronic social defeat stress: beneficial effects of (R)-ketamine.

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Title: Splenic NKG2D confers resilience versus susceptibility in mice after chronic social defeat stress: beneficial effects of (R)-ketamine.
Authors: Zhang, Kai (AUTHOR), Sakamoto, Akemi (AUTHOR), Chang, Lijia (AUTHOR), Qu, Youge (AUTHOR), Wang, Siming (AUTHOR), Pu, Yaoyu (AUTHOR), Tan, Yunfei (AUTHOR), Wang, Xingming (AUTHOR), Fujita, Yuko (AUTHOR), Ishima, Tamaki (AUTHOR), Hatano, Masahiko (AUTHOR), Hashimoto, Kenji (AUTHOR)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Apr2021, Vol. 271 Issue 3, p447-456. 10p. 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs.
Subjects: Ketamine abuse, Mice, B cells, T cells, Injections, Social defeat
Abstract: The spleen is a large immune organ that plays a key role in the immune system. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between the spleen and stress-related psychiatric disorders are unknown. Here we investigated the role of spleen in stress-related psychiatric disorders. FACS analysis was applied to determine the contribution of the spleen to susceptibility and resilience in mice that were subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). We found a notable increase in splenic volume and weight in CSDS-susceptible mice compared to control (no CSDS) mice and CSDS-resilient mice. The number of granulocytes, but not of T cells and B cells, in the spleen of susceptible mice was higher than in the spleen of both control and resilient mice. Interestingly, NKG2D (natural killer group 2, member D) expression in the spleen of CSDS-susceptible mice was higher than that in control mice and CSDS-resilient mice. In addition, NKG2D expression in the spleen of patients with depression was higher than that in controls. Both increased splenic weight and increased splenic NKG2D expression in CSDS-susceptible mice were ameliorated after a subsequent administration of (R)-ketamine. The present findings indicate a novel role of splenic NKG2D in stress susceptibility versus resilience in mice subjected to CSDS. Furthermore, abnormalities in splenic functions in CSDS-susceptible mice were ameliorated after subsequent injection of (R)-ketamine. Thus, the brain–spleen axis might, at least in part, contribute to the pathogenesis of stress-related psychiatric disorders such as depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Splenic NKG2D confers resilience versus susceptibility in mice after chronic social defeat stress: beneficial effects of (R)-ketamine.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Kai%22">Zhang, Kai</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sakamoto%2C+Akemi%22">Sakamoto, Akemi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chang%2C+Lijia%22">Chang, Lijia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qu%2C+Youge%22">Qu, Youge</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Siming%22">Wang, Siming</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pu%2C+Yaoyu%22">Pu, Yaoyu</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tan%2C+Yunfei%22">Tan, Yunfei</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Xingming%22">Wang, Xingming</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fujita%2C+Yuko%22">Fujita, Yuko</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ishima%2C+Tamaki%22">Ishima, Tamaki</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hatano%2C+Masahiko%22">Hatano, Masahiko</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hashimoto%2C+Kenji%22">Hashimoto, Kenji</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Apr2021, Vol. 271 Issue 3, p447-456. 10p. 1 Diagram, 5 Graphs.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ketamine+abuse%22">Ketamine abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mice%22">Mice</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22B+cells%22">B cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T+cells%22">T cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Injections%22">Injections</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+defeat%22">Social defeat</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The spleen is a large immune organ that plays a key role in the immune system. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between the spleen and stress-related psychiatric disorders are unknown. Here we investigated the role of spleen in stress-related psychiatric disorders. FACS analysis was applied to determine the contribution of the spleen to susceptibility and resilience in mice that were subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). We found a notable increase in splenic volume and weight in CSDS-susceptible mice compared to control (no CSDS) mice and CSDS-resilient mice. The number of granulocytes, but not of T cells and B cells, in the spleen of susceptible mice was higher than in the spleen of both control and resilient mice. Interestingly, NKG2D (natural killer group 2, member D) expression in the spleen of CSDS-susceptible mice was higher than that in control mice and CSDS-resilient mice. In addition, NKG2D expression in the spleen of patients with depression was higher than that in controls. Both increased splenic weight and increased splenic NKG2D expression in CSDS-susceptible mice were ameliorated after a subsequent administration of (R)-ketamine. The present findings indicate a novel role of splenic NKG2D in stress susceptibility versus resilience in mice subjected to CSDS. Furthermore, abnormalities in splenic functions in CSDS-susceptible mice were ameliorated after subsequent injection of (R)-ketamine. Thus, the brain–spleen axis might, at least in part, contribute to the pathogenesis of stress-related psychiatric disorders such as depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00406-019-01092-z
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Social defeat
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