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Smoking behavior and symptoms of depression and anxiety among young adult backpackers: Results from a short longitudinal study.

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Title: Smoking behavior and symptoms of depression and anxiety among young adult backpackers: Results from a short longitudinal study.
Authors: Melamed, Osnat C., Walsh, Sophie D., Shulman, Shmuel
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. Apr2021, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p211-216. 6p. 2 Charts.
Subjects: Mental depression risk factors, Research methodology, Travel, Regression analysis, Mental health, Risk assessment, Social context, Descriptive statistics, Smoking, Anxiety, Backpacking, Longitudinal method
Abstract: Levels of smoking and smoking initiation have been found to increase during the transition to adulthood. Symptoms of depression and anxiety may both precede or follow smoking behavior, yet there is equivocal evidence regarding the direction of this relationship. The aim of the current study was to examine the direction of this relationship in a group of young adult backpackers who traveled to social environments which are permissive of smoking. The current study involved a quasi‐experimental design examining 199 (52% men, mean age 24.27, SD = 1.05 years at time 1) young adults, before, during and following a backpacking experience of at least six months. Regression analyses was used to examine the association between smoking and symptoms of depression and anxiety over time. Relative to smoking levels before the journey, a significant transient increase in smoking was found during the journey. The increase in smoking during the journey predicted increases in both depressive and anxiety symptoms following the journey. The reverse direction models were not significant. Our study suggests that social contexts which are permissive of smoking, such as backpacking, increase young adult smoking behavior. Mood symptoms did not contribute to the observed increase in smoking behavior but, inversely, increases in smoking contributed to heightened mood symptoms. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to explore the role that smoking behavior plays in young adults' mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Scandinavian Journal of Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Smoking behavior and symptoms of depression and anxiety among young adult backpackers: Results from a short longitudinal study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression+risk+factors%22">Mental depression risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Travel%22">Travel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regression+analysis%22">Regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+assessment%22">Risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+context%22">Social context</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Smoking%22">Smoking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anxiety%22">Anxiety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Backpacking%22">Backpacking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink>
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  Data: Levels of smoking and smoking initiation have been found to increase during the transition to adulthood. Symptoms of depression and anxiety may both precede or follow smoking behavior, yet there is equivocal evidence regarding the direction of this relationship. The aim of the current study was to examine the direction of this relationship in a group of young adult backpackers who traveled to social environments which are permissive of smoking. The current study involved a quasi‐experimental design examining 199 (52% men, mean age 24.27, SD = 1.05 years at time 1) young adults, before, during and following a backpacking experience of at least six months. Regression analyses was used to examine the association between smoking and symptoms of depression and anxiety over time. Relative to smoking levels before the journey, a significant transient increase in smoking was found during the journey. The increase in smoking during the journey predicted increases in both depressive and anxiety symptoms following the journey. The reverse direction models were not significant. Our study suggests that social contexts which are permissive of smoking, such as backpacking, increase young adult smoking behavior. Mood symptoms did not contribute to the observed increase in smoking behavior but, inversely, increases in smoking contributed to heightened mood symptoms. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to explore the role that smoking behavior plays in young adults' mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Scandinavian Journal of Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1111/sjop.12699
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 211
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Travel
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mental health
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      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social context
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Smoking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anxiety
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Backpacking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Smoking behavior and symptoms of depression and anxiety among young adult backpackers: Results from a short longitudinal study.
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            NameFull: Melamed, Osnat C.
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            NameFull: Walsh, Sophie D.
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            NameFull: Shulman, Shmuel
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              Text: Apr2021
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              Y: 2021
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