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Relationships between hope and mental health among women in prison.

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Title: Relationships between hope and mental health among women in prison.
Authors: Wai‐Ming Mak, Vivian (AUTHOR), Man‐Yin Ho, Samuel (AUTHOR), Li, Wing‐Ling (AUTHOR), Ka‐Yan Pau, Barbara (AUTHOR), Wai-Ming Mak, Vivian (AUTHOR), Man-Yin Ho, Samuel (AUTHOR), Li, Wing-Ling (AUTHOR), Ka-Yan Pau, Barbara (AUTHOR)
Source: Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health. Apr2021, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p96-108. 13p. 1 Diagram, 4 Charts.
Subjects: Women's mental health, Attentional bias, Psychological distress, Hope, Prison sentences, Prisons, Correctional institutions, Cross-sectional method, Mental health, Mental depression, Anxiety, Psychological stress
Abstract: Background: Previous research with non-offenders has linked a higher dispositional cognition of hope to lower levels of psychological symptoms and demonstrated mediating effects of attentional biases on the relationship between hope and psychological symptoms, but this has not been explored among offenders.Aims: Our aim was to investigate associations between a dispositional cognition of hope and habitual attentional processing styles and distress among women in prison. We hypothesised that higher levels of hope would be associated with more attention to positive information and less to negative information in the surroundings and, in turn, lower levels of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in women in prison.Method: In a cross-sectional study, we recruited consenting women serving a prison sentence who had been referred to psychological services. Participants completed a set of self-rating inventories individually, which scaled their levels of hope, attention to positive and negative information and symptoms of anxiety, stress and depression.Results: Two hundred and three women participated. Their average age was 35.68 years (range 21-67 years). Over half were recidivists (170, 58%). Overall, the higher the level of hope they had, the lower were the ratings of their psychological symptoms. Positive attentional bias was associated with higher hope and lower psychological distress. In contrast, negative attentional bias was related to lower hope and higher psychological distress ratings. In statistical models, both attentional biases appeared to be partial mediators of the relationship between hope and psychological distress.Conclusions: Our findings among women in prison were consistent with those in non-forensic populations and not previously studied among prisoners. They suggest that it would be worth evaluating interventions to modify attentional styles as they may have value in increasing hope and reducing psychological symptoms and perhaps also harmful behaviours in this vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Relationships between hope and mental health among women in prison.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wai‐Ming+Mak%2C+Vivian%22">Wai‐Ming Mak, Vivian</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Man‐Yin+Ho%2C+Samuel%22">Man‐Yin Ho, Samuel</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Wing‐Ling%22">Li, Wing‐Ling</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ka‐Yan+Pau%2C+Barbara%22">Ka‐Yan Pau, Barbara</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wai-Ming+Mak%2C+Vivian%22">Wai-Ming Mak, Vivian</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Man-Yin+Ho%2C+Samuel%22">Man-Yin Ho, Samuel</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Wing-Ling%22">Li, Wing-Ling</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ka-Yan+Pau%2C+Barbara%22">Ka-Yan Pau, Barbara</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Criminal+Behaviour+%26+Mental+Health%22">Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health</searchLink>. Apr2021, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p96-108. 13p. 1 Diagram, 4 Charts.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Women's+mental+health%22">Women's mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attentional+bias%22">Attentional bias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+distress%22">Psychological distress</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hope%22">Hope</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prison+sentences%22">Prison sentences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prisons%22">Prisons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Correctional+institutions%22">Correctional institutions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anxiety%22">Anxiety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+stress%22">Psychological stress</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: <bold>Background: </bold>Previous research with non-offenders has linked a higher dispositional cognition of hope to lower levels of psychological symptoms and demonstrated mediating effects of attentional biases on the relationship between hope and psychological symptoms, but this has not been explored among offenders.<bold>Aims: </bold>Our aim was to investigate associations between a dispositional cognition of hope and habitual attentional processing styles and distress among women in prison. We hypothesised that higher levels of hope would be associated with more attention to positive information and less to negative information in the surroundings and, in turn, lower levels of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in women in prison.<bold>Method: </bold>In a cross-sectional study, we recruited consenting women serving a prison sentence who had been referred to psychological services. Participants completed a set of self-rating inventories individually, which scaled their levels of hope, attention to positive and negative information and symptoms of anxiety, stress and depression.<bold>Results: </bold>Two hundred and three women participated. Their average age was 35.68 years (range 21-67 years). Over half were recidivists (170, 58%). Overall, the higher the level of hope they had, the lower were the ratings of their psychological symptoms. Positive attentional bias was associated with higher hope and lower psychological distress. In contrast, negative attentional bias was related to lower hope and higher psychological distress ratings. In statistical models, both attentional biases appeared to be partial mediators of the relationship between hope and psychological distress.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Our findings among women in prison were consistent with those in non-forensic populations and not previously studied among prisoners. They suggest that it would be worth evaluating interventions to modify attentional styles as they may have value in increasing hope and reducing psychological symptoms and perhaps also harmful behaviours in this vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/cbm.2191
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 96
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Women's mental health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attentional bias
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological distress
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hope
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prison sentences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prisons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Correctional institutions
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      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mental health
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
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      – SubjectFull: Anxiety
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      – SubjectFull: Psychological stress
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              Text: Apr2021
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              Y: 2021
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