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Altered risky decision making in patients with early non-affective psychosis.

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Title: Altered risky decision making in patients with early non-affective psychosis.
Authors: MSK, Luk (AUTHOR), WC, Chang (AUTHOR), CSY, Chong (AUTHOR), CMW, Siu (AUTHOR), SKW, Chan (AUTHOR), EMH, Lee (AUTHOR), CLM, Hui (AUTHOR), YN, Sun (AUTHOR), TMC, Lee (AUTHOR), TL, Lo (AUTHOR), EYH, Chen (AUTHOR)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Jun2021, Vol. 271 Issue 4, p723-731. 9p. 3 Charts.
Subjects: Patient decision making, Cognitive ability, Psychoses, Risk-taking behavior, Decision making
Abstract: Abnormal risky decision making may represent an important factor contributing to functional impairment in psychotic disorders. Previous research revealed impaired decision making under risk in patients with chronic schizophrenia. However, risky decision making is under-studied in the early course of illness. We examined risky decision making in 33 patients with early non-affective psychosis and 32 demographically matched controls, using two well-validated experimental paradigms, balloon analogue risk task (BART) and Risky–Gains task (RGT), which modeled and assessed actual risk-taking behaviors in deliberative and time-pressured decision-making situations, respectively. Our results showed that patients exhibited suboptimal decision making on the BART and were more risk averse than controls by having fewer average balloon pumps in non-burst trials, lower explosion rate and lower total points gained. On the RGT, patients also behaved more conservatively than controls, with lower overall rate in choosing the risky option. Intriguingly, patients performed comparably to controls in adjusting risk-taking pattern following punished trials, suggesting relatively preserved sensitivity to punishment in early psychosis. Risk-taking measures showed no significant correlations with any symptom dimensions, impulsivity traits, cognitive functions or antipsychotic treatment after correcting for multiple comparisons. This study is the first to investigate risk-taking propensity in early psychosis based on BART/RGT performance, and consistently indicate that patients with early psychosis displayed altered risky decision making with increased risk aversion relative to healthy participants. Further investigation is warranted to clarify the longitudinal course of aberrant risky decision making and its relationship with functional outcome in early psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Altered risky decision making in patients with early non-affective psychosis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22MSK%2C+Luk%22">MSK, Luk</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22WC%2C+Chang%22">WC, Chang</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22CSY%2C+Chong%22">CSY, Chong</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22CMW%2C+Siu%22">CMW, Siu</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22SKW%2C+Chan%22">SKW, Chan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22EMH%2C+Lee%22">EMH, Lee</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22CLM%2C+Hui%22">CLM, Hui</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22YN%2C+Sun%22">YN, Sun</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22TMC%2C+Lee%22">TMC, Lee</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22TL%2C+Lo%22">TL, Lo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22EYH%2C+Chen%22">EYH, Chen</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Jun2021, Vol. 271 Issue 4, p723-731. 9p. 3 Charts.
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  Data: Abnormal risky decision making may represent an important factor contributing to functional impairment in psychotic disorders. Previous research revealed impaired decision making under risk in patients with chronic schizophrenia. However, risky decision making is under-studied in the early course of illness. We examined risky decision making in 33 patients with early non-affective psychosis and 32 demographically matched controls, using two well-validated experimental paradigms, balloon analogue risk task (BART) and Risky–Gains task (RGT), which modeled and assessed actual risk-taking behaviors in deliberative and time-pressured decision-making situations, respectively. Our results showed that patients exhibited suboptimal decision making on the BART and were more risk averse than controls by having fewer average balloon pumps in non-burst trials, lower explosion rate and lower total points gained. On the RGT, patients also behaved more conservatively than controls, with lower overall rate in choosing the risky option. Intriguingly, patients performed comparably to controls in adjusting risk-taking pattern following punished trials, suggesting relatively preserved sensitivity to punishment in early psychosis. Risk-taking measures showed no significant correlations with any symptom dimensions, impulsivity traits, cognitive functions or antipsychotic treatment after correcting for multiple comparisons. This study is the first to investigate risk-taking propensity in early psychosis based on BART/RGT performance, and consistently indicate that patients with early psychosis displayed altered risky decision making with increased risk aversion relative to healthy participants. Further investigation is warranted to clarify the longitudinal course of aberrant risky decision making and its relationship with functional outcome in early psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Jun2021
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