Demographically-corrected normative data for the HVLT-R, BVMT-R, and Aggregated Learning Ratio values in a sample of older adults.
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| Title: | Demographically-corrected normative data for the HVLT-R, BVMT-R, and Aggregated Learning Ratio values in a sample of older adults. |
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| Authors: | Hammers, Dustin B. (AUTHOR), Duff, Kevin (AUTHOR), Spencer, Robert J. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology. Apr2021, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p290-300. 11p. 7 Charts. |
| Subjects: | Older people, Visual learning, Verbal learning, Adults, Learning |
| Abstract: | Background: The Learning Ratio (LR) is a novel learning slope score that has been developed to reduce the inherent competition between the first trial and subsequent trials in traditional learning slopes. Recent findings suggest that LR is sensitive to AD pathology along the AD continuum – more so than the traditional learning calculations that employ raw changes across trials. However, research is still experimental and not yet directly applicable to clinical settings. Consequently, the objective of the current study was to develop demographically-corrected normative data on these LR learning slopes. Method: The current study examined the influence of age and education on LR scores for the HVLT-R, BVMT-R, and an Aggregated HVLT-R/BVMT-R in 200 cognitively intact adults aged 65 years and older using linear regression. Results: Age negatively correlated with all LR metrics, and education positively correlated with most. No sex differences were identified. LR values were predicted from age and education, which can be compared to observed LR values and converted into demographically-corrected T scores. Conclusions: By comparing observed and predicted LR scores calculated from regression-based prediction equations, interpretations are permitted that aid in clinical decision making and treatment planning. Co-norming of the HVLT-R and BVMT-R also allows for comparisons between verbal and visual learning slope scores in individual patients. We hope normative data for LR enhances its utility as a clinical tool for examining learning slopes in older adults administered the HVLT-R and/or BVMT-R. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 151136667 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Demographically-corrected normative data for the HVLT-R, BVMT-R, and Aggregated Learning Ratio values in a sample of older adults. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hammers%2C+Dustin+B%2E%22">Hammers, Dustin B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Duff%2C+Kevin%22">Duff, Kevin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Spencer%2C+Robert+J%2E%22">Spencer, Robert J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Clinical+%26+Experimental+Neuropsychology%22">Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology</searchLink>. Apr2021, Vol. 43 Issue 3, p290-300. 11p. 7 Charts. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Older+people%22">Older people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visual+learning%22">Visual learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Verbal+learning%22">Verbal learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adults%22">Adults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning%22">Learning</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background: The Learning Ratio (LR) is a novel learning slope score that has been developed to reduce the inherent competition between the first trial and subsequent trials in traditional learning slopes. Recent findings suggest that LR is sensitive to AD pathology along the AD continuum – more so than the traditional learning calculations that employ raw changes across trials. However, research is still experimental and not yet directly applicable to clinical settings. Consequently, the objective of the current study was to develop demographically-corrected normative data on these LR learning slopes. Method: The current study examined the influence of age and education on LR scores for the HVLT-R, BVMT-R, and an Aggregated HVLT-R/BVMT-R in 200 cognitively intact adults aged 65 years and older using linear regression. Results: Age negatively correlated with all LR metrics, and education positively correlated with most. No sex differences were identified. LR values were predicted from age and education, which can be compared to observed LR values and converted into demographically-corrected T scores. Conclusions: By comparing observed and predicted LR scores calculated from regression-based prediction equations, interpretations are permitted that aid in clinical decision making and treatment planning. Co-norming of the HVLT-R and BVMT-R also allows for comparisons between verbal and visual learning slope scores in individual patients. We hope normative data for LR enhances its utility as a clinical tool for examining learning slopes in older adults administered the HVLT-R and/or BVMT-R. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1080/13803395.2021.1917523 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 290 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Older people Type: general – SubjectFull: Visual learning Type: general – SubjectFull: Verbal learning Type: general – SubjectFull: Adults Type: general – SubjectFull: Learning Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Demographically-corrected normative data for the HVLT-R, BVMT-R, and Aggregated Learning Ratio values in a sample of older adults. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hammers, Dustin B. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Duff, Kevin – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Spencer, Robert J. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 04 Text: Apr2021 Type: published Y: 2021 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 13803395 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 43 – Type: issue Value: 3 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology Type: main |
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