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Investigating the Links Between Cultural Values and Belief in Conspiracy Theories: The Key Roles of Collectivism and Masculinity.

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Title: Investigating the Links Between Cultural Values and Belief in Conspiracy Theories: The Key Roles of Collectivism and Masculinity.
Authors: Adam‐Troian, Jais (AUTHOR), Wagner‐Egger, Pascal (AUTHOR), Motyl, Matt (AUTHOR), Arciszewski, Thomas (AUTHOR), Imhoff, Roland (AUTHOR), Zimmer, Felix (AUTHOR), Klein, Olivier (AUTHOR), Babinska, Maria (AUTHOR), Bangerter, Adrian (AUTHOR), Bilewicz, Michal (AUTHOR), Blanuša, Nebojša (AUTHOR), Bovan, Kosta (AUTHOR), Bužarovska, Rumena (AUTHOR), Cichocka, Aleksandra (AUTHOR), Çelebi, Elif (AUTHOR), Delouvée, Sylvain (AUTHOR), Douglas, Karen M. (AUTHOR), Dyrendal, Asbjørn (AUTHOR), Gjoneska, Biljana (AUTHOR), Graf, Sylvie (AUTHOR)
Source: Political Psychology. Aug2021, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p597-618. 22p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Conspiracy theories, Cultural values, Masculinity, Cognition, Sociocultural factors
Abstract: Research suggests that belief in conspiracy theories (CT) stems from basic psychological mechanisms and is linked to other belief systems (e.g., religious beliefs). While previous research has extensively examined individual and contextual variables associated with CT beliefs, it has not yet investigated the role of culture. In the current research, we tested, based on a situated cultural cognition perspective, the extent to which culture predicts CT beliefs. Using Hofstede's model of cultural values, three nation‐level analyses of data from 25, 19, and 18 countries using different measures of CT beliefs (Study 1, N = 5323; Study 2a, N = 12,255; Study 2b, N = 30,994) revealed positive associations between masculinity, collectivism, and CT beliefs. A cross‐sectional study among U.S. citizens (Study 3, N = 350), using individual‐level measures of Hofstede's values, replicated these findings. A meta‐analysis of correlations across studies corroborated the presence of positive links between CT beliefs, collectivism, r =.31, 95% CI = [.15;.47], and masculinity, r =.39, 95% CI = [.18;.59]. Our results suggest that in addition to individual differences and contextual variables, cultural factors also play an important role in shaping CT beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Political Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Investigating the Links Between Cultural Values and Belief in Conspiracy Theories: The Key Roles of Collectivism and Masculinity.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adam‐Troian%2C+Jais%22">Adam‐Troian, Jais</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wagner‐Egger%2C+Pascal%22">Wagner‐Egger, Pascal</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Motyl%2C+Matt%22">Motyl, Matt</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arciszewski%2C+Thomas%22">Arciszewski, Thomas</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Imhoff%2C+Roland%22">Imhoff, Roland</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zimmer%2C+Felix%22">Zimmer, Felix</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Klein%2C+Olivier%22">Klein, Olivier</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Babinska%2C+Maria%22">Babinska, Maria</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bangerter%2C+Adrian%22">Bangerter, Adrian</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bilewicz%2C+Michal%22">Bilewicz, Michal</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blanuša%2C+Nebojša%22">Blanuša, Nebojša</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bovan%2C+Kosta%22">Bovan, Kosta</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bužarovska%2C+Rumena%22">Bužarovska, Rumena</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cichocka%2C+Aleksandra%22">Cichocka, Aleksandra</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Çelebi%2C+Elif%22">Çelebi, Elif</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Delouvée%2C+Sylvain%22">Delouvée, Sylvain</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Douglas%2C+Karen+M%2E%22">Douglas, Karen M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dyrendal%2C+Asbjørn%22">Dyrendal, Asbjørn</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gjoneska%2C+Biljana%22">Gjoneska, Biljana</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Graf%2C+Sylvie%22">Graf, Sylvie</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Political+Psychology%22">Political Psychology</searchLink>. Aug2021, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p597-618. 22p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conspiracy+theories%22">Conspiracy theories</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cultural+values%22">Cultural values</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Masculinity%22">Masculinity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition%22">Cognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sociocultural+factors%22">Sociocultural factors</searchLink>
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  Data: Research suggests that belief in conspiracy theories (CT) stems from basic psychological mechanisms and is linked to other belief systems (e.g., religious beliefs). While previous research has extensively examined individual and contextual variables associated with CT beliefs, it has not yet investigated the role of culture. In the current research, we tested, based on a situated cultural cognition perspective, the extent to which culture predicts CT beliefs. Using Hofstede's model of cultural values, three nation‐level analyses of data from 25, 19, and 18 countries using different measures of CT beliefs (Study 1, N = 5323; Study 2a, N = 12,255; Study 2b, N = 30,994) revealed positive associations between masculinity, collectivism, and CT beliefs. A cross‐sectional study among U.S. citizens (Study 3, N = 350), using individual‐level measures of Hofstede's values, replicated these findings. A meta‐analysis of correlations across studies corroborated the presence of positive links between CT beliefs, collectivism, r =.31, 95% CI = [.15;.47], and masculinity, r =.39, 95% CI = [.18;.59]. Our results suggest that in addition to individual differences and contextual variables, cultural factors also play an important role in shaping CT beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Political Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/pops.12716
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      – SubjectFull: Masculinity
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