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Age and sex‐related variability in the presentation of generalized anxiety and depression symptoms.

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Title: Age and sex‐related variability in the presentation of generalized anxiety and depression symptoms.
Authors: Thompson, Katherine N. (AUTHOR), Hübel, Christopher (AUTHOR), Cheesman, Rosa (AUTHOR), Adey, Brett N. (AUTHOR), Armour, Chérie (AUTHOR), Davies, Molly R. (AUTHOR), Hotopf, Matthew (AUTHOR), Jones, Ian R. (AUTHOR), Kalsi, Gursharan (AUTHOR), McIntosh, Andrew M. (AUTHOR), Monssen, Dina (AUTHOR), Peel, Alicia J. (AUTHOR), Rogers, Henry C. (AUTHOR), Skelton, Megan (AUTHOR), Smith, Daniel J. (AUTHOR), Walters, James T. R. (AUTHOR), Breen, Gerome (AUTHOR), Eley, Thalia C. (AUTHOR)
Source: Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269). Oct2021, Vol. 38 Issue 10, p1054-1065. 12p. 2 Diagrams, 3 Charts.
Subjects: Mental depression, Standard deviations, Anxiety, Confirmatory factor analysis, Exploratory factor analysis, Irritability (Psychology), Generalized anxiety disorder
Abstract: Background: Generalized anxiety and depression are extremely prevalent and debilitating. There is evidence for age and sex variability in symptoms of depression, but despite comorbidity it is unclear whether this extends to anxiety symptomatology. Studies using questionnaire sum scores typically fail to address this phenotypic complexity. Method: We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD‐7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) items to identify latent factors of anxiety and depression in participants from the Genetic Links to Anxiety and Depression Study (N = 35,637; 16–93 years). We assessed age‐ and sex‐related variability in latent factors and individual symptoms using multiple logistic regression. Results: Four factors of mood, worry, motor, and somatic symptoms were identified (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99, Tucker–Lewis Index [TLI] = 0.99, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.07, standardized root mean square residuals [SRMR] = 0.04). Symptoms of irritability (odds ratio [OR] = 0.81) were most strongly associated with younger age, and sleep change (OR = 1.14) with older age. Males were more likely to report mood and motor symptoms (p <.001) and females to report somatic symptoms (p <.001). Conclusion: Significant age and sex variability suggest that classic diagnostic criteria reflect the presentation most commonly seen in younger males. This study provides avenues for diagnostic adaptation and factor‐specific interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Age and sex‐related variability in the presentation of generalized anxiety and depression symptoms.
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  Data: Background: Generalized anxiety and depression are extremely prevalent and debilitating. There is evidence for age and sex variability in symptoms of depression, but despite comorbidity it is unclear whether this extends to anxiety symptomatology. Studies using questionnaire sum scores typically fail to address this phenotypic complexity. Method: We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD‐7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) items to identify latent factors of anxiety and depression in participants from the Genetic Links to Anxiety and Depression Study (N = 35,637; 16–93 years). We assessed age‐ and sex‐related variability in latent factors and individual symptoms using multiple logistic regression. Results: Four factors of mood, worry, motor, and somatic symptoms were identified (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99, Tucker–Lewis Index [TLI] = 0.99, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.07, standardized root mean square residuals [SRMR] = 0.04). Symptoms of irritability (odds ratio [OR] = 0.81) were most strongly associated with younger age, and sleep change (OR = 1.14) with older age. Males were more likely to report mood and motor symptoms (p &lt;.001) and females to report somatic symptoms (p &lt;.001). Conclusion: Significant age and sex variability suggest that classic diagnostic criteria reflect the presentation most commonly seen in younger males. This study provides avenues for diagnostic adaptation and factor‐specific interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Depression &amp; Anxiety (1091-4269) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=152971183
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        Value: 10.1002/da.23213
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Standard deviations
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