Neuropsychological and Information Processing Performance and Its Relationship to White Matter Changes Following Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Preliminary Study.
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| Title: | Neuropsychological and Information Processing Performance and Its Relationship to White Matter Changes Following Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Preliminary Study. |
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| Authors: | Mathias, J. L., Bigler, E. D., Jones, N. R., Bowden, S. C., Barrett-Woodbridge, M., Brown, G. C., Taylor, D. J. |
| Source: | Applied Neuropsychology. 2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p134-152. 19p. |
| Subjects: | Brain injuries, Information processing, Reaction time, Corpus callosum, Memory, Telencephalon |
| Abstract: | Reductions in information processing speed have frequently been reported following moderate and severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), consistent with the effects of diffuse white matter damage. Although the corpus callosum (CC) is a common site for diffuse damage following TBI, the effects of this damage on information processing speed have not been adequately examined. This study assessed a TBI group and a matched control group on tests of attention, memory, fluency, and set shifting ability, together with reaction time (RT) tasks requiring the inter- and intrahemispheric processing of visual and tactile information. The RT tasks were designed to target the cognitive functions that are likely to be affected by diffuse white matter damage, including damage to the CC. The TBI group demonstrated deficits in verbal and visual fluency and verbal memory. They were also slower on the visual and tactile RT tasks, were more affected by task complexity, and slower on RT tasks requiring the interhemispheric transfer of information. In fact, one of the interhemispheric tactile RT tasks proved to be the most discriminating of all the cognitive and RT measures. MRIs completed on a subset of TBI participants indicated that the mean CC measurements were 5% to 19% smaller than a normative control group, with the most atrophied areas being the isthmus and anterior midbody. Although white matter atrophy was moderately related to visual and tactile RT performance, and total hippocampal volume related to memory performance, CC area was not related to many of the tasks that were designed to tap interhemispheric processing. None of the standard cognitive tests correlated with outcome in the TBI group, but 1 of the tactile RT measures was significantly related to 2 measures of outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Applied Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 15305456 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Neuropsychological and Information Processing Performance and Its Relationship to White Matter Changes Following Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Preliminary Study. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mathias%2C+J%2E+L%2E%22">Mathias, J. L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bigler%2C+E%2E+D%2E%22">Bigler, E. D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jones%2C+N%2E+R%2E%22">Jones, N. R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bowden%2C+S%2E+C%2E%22">Bowden, S. C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barrett-Woodbridge%2C+M%2E%22">Barrett-Woodbridge, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brown%2C+G%2E+C%2E%22">Brown, G. C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Taylor%2C+D%2E+J%2E%22">Taylor, D. J.</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Applied+Neuropsychology%22">Applied Neuropsychology</searchLink>. 2004, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p134-152. 19p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+injuries%22">Brain injuries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Information+processing%22">Information processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reaction+time%22">Reaction time</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corpus+callosum%22">Corpus callosum</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Memory%22">Memory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Telencephalon%22">Telencephalon</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Reductions in information processing speed have frequently been reported following moderate and severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), consistent with the effects of diffuse white matter damage. Although the corpus callosum (CC) is a common site for diffuse damage following TBI, the effects of this damage on information processing speed have not been adequately examined. This study assessed a TBI group and a matched control group on tests of attention, memory, fluency, and set shifting ability, together with reaction time (RT) tasks requiring the inter- and intrahemispheric processing of visual and tactile information. The RT tasks were designed to target the cognitive functions that are likely to be affected by diffuse white matter damage, including damage to the CC. The TBI group demonstrated deficits in verbal and visual fluency and verbal memory. They were also slower on the visual and tactile RT tasks, were more affected by task complexity, and slower on RT tasks requiring the interhemispheric transfer of information. In fact, one of the interhemispheric tactile RT tasks proved to be the most discriminating of all the cognitive and RT measures. MRIs completed on a subset of TBI participants indicated that the mean CC measurements were 5% to 19% smaller than a normative control group, with the most atrophied areas being the isthmus and anterior midbody. Although white matter atrophy was moderately related to visual and tactile RT performance, and total hippocampal volume related to memory performance, CC area was not related to many of the tasks that were designed to tap interhemispheric processing. None of the standard cognitive tests correlated with outcome in the TBI group, but 1 of the tactile RT measures was significantly related to 2 measures of outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1207/s15324826an1103_2 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 19 StartPage: 134 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Brain injuries Type: general – SubjectFull: Information processing Type: general – SubjectFull: Reaction time Type: general – SubjectFull: Corpus callosum Type: general – SubjectFull: Memory Type: general – SubjectFull: Telencephalon Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Neuropsychological and Information Processing Performance and Its Relationship to White Matter Changes Following Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Preliminary Study. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mathias, J. L. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bigler, E. D. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Jones, N. R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bowden, S. C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Barrett-Woodbridge, M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Brown, G. C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Taylor, D. J. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: 2004 Type: published Y: 2004 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09084282 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 11 – Type: issue Value: 3 Titles: – TitleFull: Applied Neuropsychology Type: main |
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