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Clinical characteristics of 172 children and adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder.

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Title: Clinical characteristics of 172 children and adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder.
Authors: Rautio, Daniel, Jassi, Amita, Krebs, Georgina, Andrén, Per, Monzani, Benedetta, Gumpert, Martina, Lewis, Angela, Peile, Lauren, Sevilla-Cermeño, Laura, Jansson-Fröjmark, Markus, Lundgren, Tobias, Hillborg, Maria, Silverberg-Morse, Maria, Clark, Bruce, Fernández de la Cruz, Lorena, Mataix-Cols, David
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Jan2022, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p133-144. 12p. 2 Charts, 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Parent attitudes, Risk-taking behavior, Self-evaluation, Age distribution, Body dysmorphic disorder, Severity of illness index, Comparative studies, Sex distribution, Longitudinal method, Comorbidity, Self-mutilation, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Children, Adolescence
Geographic Terms: Sweden, England
Abstract: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) often starts in childhood, with most cases developing symptoms before age 18. Yet, BDD research has primarily focused on adults. We report the clinical characteristics of the world's largest cohort of carefully diagnosed youths with BDD and focus on previously unexplored sex and age differences. We systematically collected clinical data from 172 young people with BDD consecutively referred to 2 specialist pediatric obsessive–compulsive and related disorders outpatient clinics in Stockholm, Sweden and in London, England. A series of clinician-, self-, and parent-reported measures were administered. The cohort consisted of 136 girls, 32 boys, and 4 transgender individuals (age range 10–19 years). The mean severity of BDD symptoms was in the moderate to severe range, with more than one third presenting with severe symptoms and more than half showing poor or absent insight/delusional beliefs. We observed high rates of current psychiatric comorbidity (71.5%), past or current self-harm (52.1%), suicide attempts (11.0%), current desire for cosmetic procedures (53.7%), and complete school dropout (32.4%). Compared to boys, girls had significantly more severe self-reported BDD symptoms, depression, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm. Compared to the younger participants (14 or younger), older participants had significantly more severe compulsions and were more likely to report a desire for conducting cosmetic procedures. Adolescent BDD can be a severe and disabling disorder associated with significant risks and substantial functional impairment. The clinical presentation of the disorder is largely similar across sexes and age groups, indicating the importance of early detection and treatment. More research is needed specifically focusing on boys and pre-pubertal individuals with BDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Clinical characteristics of 172 children and adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rautio%2C+Daniel%22">Rautio, Daniel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jassi%2C+Amita%22">Jassi, Amita</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krebs%2C+Georgina%22">Krebs, Georgina</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andrén%2C+Per%22">Andrén, Per</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Monzani%2C+Benedetta%22">Monzani, Benedetta</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gumpert%2C+Martina%22">Gumpert, Martina</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lewis%2C+Angela%22">Lewis, Angela</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peile%2C+Lauren%22">Peile, Lauren</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sevilla-Cermeño%2C+Laura%22">Sevilla-Cermeño, Laura</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jansson-Fröjmark%2C+Markus%22">Jansson-Fröjmark, Markus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lundgren%2C+Tobias%22">Lundgren, Tobias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hillborg%2C+Maria%22">Hillborg, Maria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Silverberg-Morse%2C+Maria%22">Silverberg-Morse, Maria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clark%2C+Bruce%22">Clark, Bruce</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fernández+de+la+Cruz%2C+Lorena%22">Fernández de la Cruz, Lorena</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mataix-Cols%2C+David%22">Mataix-Cols, David</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Child+%26+Adolescent+Psychiatry%22">European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry</searchLink>. Jan2022, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p133-144. 12p. 2 Charts, 3 Graphs.
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  Data: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) often starts in childhood, with most cases developing symptoms before age 18. Yet, BDD research has primarily focused on adults. We report the clinical characteristics of the world's largest cohort of carefully diagnosed youths with BDD and focus on previously unexplored sex and age differences. We systematically collected clinical data from 172 young people with BDD consecutively referred to 2 specialist pediatric obsessive–compulsive and related disorders outpatient clinics in Stockholm, Sweden and in London, England. A series of clinician-, self-, and parent-reported measures were administered. The cohort consisted of 136 girls, 32 boys, and 4 transgender individuals (age range 10–19 years). The mean severity of BDD symptoms was in the moderate to severe range, with more than one third presenting with severe symptoms and more than half showing poor or absent insight/delusional beliefs. We observed high rates of current psychiatric comorbidity (71.5%), past or current self-harm (52.1%), suicide attempts (11.0%), current desire for cosmetic procedures (53.7%), and complete school dropout (32.4%). Compared to boys, girls had significantly more severe self-reported BDD symptoms, depression, suicidal thoughts, and self-harm. Compared to the younger participants (14 or younger), older participants had significantly more severe compulsions and were more likely to report a desire for conducting cosmetic procedures. Adolescent BDD can be a severe and disabling disorder associated with significant risks and substantial functional impairment. The clinical presentation of the disorder is largely similar across sexes and age groups, indicating the importance of early detection and treatment. More research is needed specifically focusing on boys and pre-pubertal individuals with BDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00787-020-01677-3
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