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Computational modeling reveals strategic and developmental differences in the behavioral impact of reward across adolescence.

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Title: Computational modeling reveals strategic and developmental differences in the behavioral impact of reward across adolescence.
Authors: Fosco, Whitney D. (AUTHOR), Meisel, Samuel N. (AUTHOR), Weigard, Alexander (AUTHOR), White, Corey N. (AUTHOR), Colder, Craig R. (AUTHOR)
Source: Developmental Science. Mar2022, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p1-12. 12p.
Subjects: Adolescence, Reward (Psychology), Response styles (Examinations), Key performance indicators (Management), Test validity, Teenagers, Externalizing behavior
Abstract: Studies of reward effects on behavior in adolescence typically rely on performance metrics that confound myriad cognitive and non‐cognitive processes, making it challenging to determine which process is impacted by reward. The present longitudinal study applied the diffusion decision model to a reward task to isolate the influence of reward on response caution from influences of processing and motor speed. Participants completed three annual assessments from early to middle adolescence (N = 387, 55% female, Mage = 12.1 at Wave 1; Mage = 13.1 at Wave 2, Mage = 14.1 at Wave 3) and three annual assessments in late adolescence (Mages = 17.8, 18.9, 19.9). At each assessment, participants completed a two‐choice reaction time task under conditions of no‐reward and a block in which points were awarded for speeded accuracy. Reward reduced response caution at all waves, as expected, but had a greater impact as teens moved from early to middle adolescence. Simulations to identify optimal response caution showed that teens were overly cautious in early adolescence but became too focused on speed over accuracy by middle adolescence. By late adolescence, participants adopted response styles that maximized reward. Further, response style was associated with both internalizing and externalizing symptoms in early‐to‐middle adolescence, providing evidence for the construct validity of a diffusion model approach in this developmental period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Developmental Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Computational modeling reveals strategic and developmental differences in the behavioral impact of reward across adolescence.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fosco%2C+Whitney+D%2E%22">Fosco, Whitney D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meisel%2C+Samuel+N%2E%22">Meisel, Samuel N.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weigard%2C+Alexander%22">Weigard, Alexander</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22White%2C+Corey+N%2E%22">White, Corey N.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Colder%2C+Craig+R%2E%22">Colder, Craig R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Developmental+Science%22">Developmental Science</searchLink>. Mar2022, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p1-12. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescence%22">Adolescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reward+%28Psychology%29%22">Reward (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Response+styles+%28Examinations%29%22">Response styles (Examinations)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Key+performance+indicators+%28Management%29%22">Key performance indicators (Management)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+validity%22">Test validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teenagers%22">Teenagers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Externalizing+behavior%22">Externalizing behavior</searchLink>
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  Data: Studies of reward effects on behavior in adolescence typically rely on performance metrics that confound myriad cognitive and non‐cognitive processes, making it challenging to determine which process is impacted by reward. The present longitudinal study applied the diffusion decision model to a reward task to isolate the influence of reward on response caution from influences of processing and motor speed. Participants completed three annual assessments from early to middle adolescence (N = 387, 55% female, Mage = 12.1 at Wave 1; Mage = 13.1 at Wave 2, Mage = 14.1 at Wave 3) and three annual assessments in late adolescence (Mages = 17.8, 18.9, 19.9). At each assessment, participants completed a two‐choice reaction time task under conditions of no‐reward and a block in which points were awarded for speeded accuracy. Reward reduced response caution at all waves, as expected, but had a greater impact as teens moved from early to middle adolescence. Simulations to identify optimal response caution showed that teens were overly cautious in early adolescence but became too focused on speed over accuracy by middle adolescence. By late adolescence, participants adopted response styles that maximized reward. Further, response style was associated with both internalizing and externalizing symptoms in early‐to‐middle adolescence, providing evidence for the construct validity of a diffusion model approach in this developmental period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Developmental Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/desc.13159
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        Text: English
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              Text: Mar2022
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