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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and risk of migraine: A nationwide longitudinal study.

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Title: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and risk of migraine: A nationwide longitudinal study.
Authors: Hsu, Tien‐Wei, Chen, Mu‐Hong, Chu, Che‐Sheng, Tsai, Shih‐Jen, Bai, Ya‐Mei, Su, Tung‐Ping, Chen, Tzeng‐Ji, Liang, Chih‐Sung
Source: Headache: The Journal of Head & Face Pain. May2022, Vol. 62 Issue 5, p634-641. 8p.
Subjects: Migraine risk factors, Databases, Confidence intervals, Migraine, Age distribution, Guttman scale, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, National health services, Sex distribution, Sociodemographic factors, Longitudinal method, Comorbidity, Children, Adults, Adolescence
Geographic Terms: Taiwan
Abstract: Objective: This study explored the risk of migraine in children, adolescents, and young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its association with ADHD medications. Background: The prevalence of migraine peaks between the ages of 35 and 39 years. Recent studies have reported a positive association between ADHD and migraine. Methods: This longitudinal case‐cohort study was conducted using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. Between 2001 and 2009, we enrolled 81,441 participants with ADHD and a 1:1‐matched control cohort for age, sex, and physical and psychiatric comorbidities. All participants had no diagnosis of migraine before enrollment and were followed up to the end of 2011. We examined the risk of newly diagnosed migraine among patients with ADHD and matched controls after adjusting for demographics and physical/psychiatric comorbidities. Results: Patients with ADHD had a higher incidence of migraine than those in the control group (462/81441 [0.6%] vs. 212/81441 [0.3%] patients, p < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the hazard ratio (HR) was 1.92 (95% CI, 1.64–2.34) for migraine in patients with ADHD versus controls. The subgroup analyses stratified by age showed the HRs were 2.01 (95% CI, 1.63–2.49), 1.94 (95% CI, 1.35–2.79), and 1.31 (95% CI, 0.58–2.98) for children (<12 years old), adolescents (12–17), and young adults (18–29), respectively, versus controls. When stratified by sex, the HR was 1.97 (95% CI, 1.58–2.46) for men and 1.94 (95% CI, 1.44–2.62) for women versus controls. The cumulative daily dose of ADHD medications was not associated with the risk of migraine. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with ADHD were associated with an increased risk of migraine compared with matched controls. The increased risk was not observed in young adults with ADHD. Further studies are required to examine the mechanisms between migraine and ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Headache: The Journal of Head & Face Pain is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Objective: This study explored the risk of migraine in children, adolescents, and young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its association with ADHD medications. Background: The prevalence of migraine peaks between the ages of 35 and 39 years. Recent studies have reported a positive association between ADHD and migraine. Methods: This longitudinal case‐cohort study was conducted using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. Between 2001 and 2009, we enrolled 81,441 participants with ADHD and a 1:1‐matched control cohort for age, sex, and physical and psychiatric comorbidities. All participants had no diagnosis of migraine before enrollment and were followed up to the end of 2011. We examined the risk of newly diagnosed migraine among patients with ADHD and matched controls after adjusting for demographics and physical/psychiatric comorbidities. Results: Patients with ADHD had a higher incidence of migraine than those in the control group (462/81441 [0.6%] vs. 212/81441 [0.3%] patients, p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the hazard ratio (HR) was 1.92 (95% CI, 1.64–2.34) for migraine in patients with ADHD versus controls. The subgroup analyses stratified by age showed the HRs were 2.01 (95% CI, 1.63–2.49), 1.94 (95% CI, 1.35–2.79), and 1.31 (95% CI, 0.58–2.98) for children (&lt;12 years old), adolescents (12–17), and young adults (18–29), respectively, versus controls. When stratified by sex, the HR was 1.97 (95% CI, 1.58–2.46) for men and 1.94 (95% CI, 1.44–2.62) for women versus controls. The cumulative daily dose of ADHD medications was not associated with the risk of migraine. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with ADHD were associated with an increased risk of migraine compared with matched controls. The increased risk was not observed in young adults with ADHD. Further studies are required to examine the mechanisms between migraine and ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Headache: The Journal of Head &amp; Face Pain is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/head.14306
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 634
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Migraine risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Databases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Migraine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Guttman scale
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: National health services
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sociodemographic factors
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      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
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      – SubjectFull: Comorbidity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adults
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Taiwan
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and risk of migraine: A nationwide longitudinal study.
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2022
              Type: published
              Y: 2022
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