Behavioural Responses to Simulated Avian Predation in Female Three Spined Sticklebacks: The Effect of Experimental Schistocephalus Solidus Infections.
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| Title: | Behavioural Responses to Simulated Avian Predation in Female Three Spined Sticklebacks: The Effect of Experimental Schistocephalus Solidus Infections. |
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| Authors: | Barber, Iain, Walker, Peter, Svensson, P. Andreas |
| Source: | Behaviour. Nov2004, Vol. 141 Issue 11/12, p1425-1440. 16p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Threespine stickleback, Predation, Larvae, Stickleback behavior, Parasites, Tapeworms |
| Abstract: | Plerocercoid larvae of Schistocephalus solidus are common parasites of three-spined sticklebacks that require the ingestion of stickleback hosts by birds to complete their life cycle. Amongst wild-caught sticklebacks, infection is associated with a reduction in antipredator behaviour; however, to date no study has examined the escape responses of experimentally infected sticklebacks, and thus assigning causality remains difficult. Here, we compare aspects of the antipredator behaviour of five experimentally infected female sticklebacks with shamexposed controls over a 16 post-exposure week period. During weeks 1-7 post-exposure, the escape responses of infected fish did not differ significantly from those of sham-exposed fish. However, over weeks 9-15, when infected fish had developed plerocercoids of > 50 mg — the size at which they become infective to birds — a lower proportion of infected fish performed directional responses and reached cover within 2 s of the strike. Infected fish also performed a lower frequency of 'staggered dashes', and a higher frequency of 'slow swims', than shamexposed fish over weeks 9-15. Amongst sham-exposed fish, re-emergence from cover was uncommon throughout the study, but infected fish regularly left cover during weeks 9-15. Our results support those of previous studies examining behavioural change in naturally infected fish and, although other explanations remain possible, our finding that behaviour change in experimentally-infected fish is limited to hosts harbouring single infective parasites provides further evidence that the behaviour changes may be parasite adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Behaviour is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 15833040 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Behavioural Responses to Simulated Avian Predation in Female Three Spined Sticklebacks: The Effect of Experimental Schistocephalus Solidus Infections. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barber%2C+Iain%22">Barber, Iain</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Walker%2C+Peter%22">Walker, Peter</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Svensson%2C+P%2E+Andreas%22">Svensson, P. Andreas</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Behaviour%22">Behaviour</searchLink>. Nov2004, Vol. 141 Issue 11/12, p1425-1440. 16p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Chart, 6 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Threespine+stickleback%22">Threespine stickleback</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Predation%22">Predation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Larvae%22">Larvae</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stickleback+behavior%22">Stickleback behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parasites%22">Parasites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tapeworms%22">Tapeworms</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Plerocercoid larvae of Schistocephalus solidus are common parasites of three-spined sticklebacks that require the ingestion of stickleback hosts by birds to complete their life cycle. Amongst wild-caught sticklebacks, infection is associated with a reduction in antipredator behaviour; however, to date no study has examined the escape responses of experimentally infected sticklebacks, and thus assigning causality remains difficult. Here, we compare aspects of the antipredator behaviour of five experimentally infected female sticklebacks with shamexposed controls over a 16 post-exposure week period. During weeks 1-7 post-exposure, the escape responses of infected fish did not differ significantly from those of sham-exposed fish. However, over weeks 9-15, when infected fish had developed plerocercoids of > 50 mg — the size at which they become infective to birds — a lower proportion of infected fish performed directional responses and reached cover within 2 s of the strike. Infected fish also performed a lower frequency of 'staggered dashes', and a higher frequency of 'slow swims', than shamexposed fish over weeks 9-15. Amongst sham-exposed fish, re-emergence from cover was uncommon throughout the study, but infected fish regularly left cover during weeks 9-15. Our results support those of previous studies examining behavioural change in naturally infected fish and, although other explanations remain possible, our finding that behaviour change in experimentally-infected fish is limited to hosts harbouring single infective parasites provides further evidence that the behaviour changes may be parasite adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Behaviour is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1163/1568539042948231 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 16 StartPage: 1425 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Threespine stickleback Type: general – SubjectFull: Predation Type: general – SubjectFull: Larvae Type: general – SubjectFull: Stickleback behavior Type: general – SubjectFull: Parasites Type: general – SubjectFull: Tapeworms Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Behavioural Responses to Simulated Avian Predation in Female Three Spined Sticklebacks: The Effect of Experimental Schistocephalus Solidus Infections. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Barber, Iain – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Walker, Peter – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Svensson, P. Andreas IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 11 Text: Nov2004 Type: published Y: 2004 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00057959 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 141 – Type: issue Value: 11/12 Titles: – TitleFull: Behaviour Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
