Accommodation lags are higher in myopia than in emmetropia: Measurement methods and metrics matter.
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| Title: | Accommodation lags are higher in myopia than in emmetropia: Measurement methods and metrics matter. |
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| Authors: | Kaphle, Dinesh (AUTHOR), Varnas, Saulius R. (AUTHOR), Schmid, Katrina L. (AUTHOR), Suheimat, Marwan (AUTHOR), Leube, Alexander (AUTHOR), Atchison, David A. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics. Sep2022, Vol. 42 Issue 5, p1103-1114. 12p. 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Visual accommodation, Myopia, Transfer functions, Surface plates, Retinal imaging |
| Abstract: | Purpose: To determine whether accommodative errors in emmetropes and myopes are systematically different, and the effect of using different instruments and metrics. Methods: Seventy‐six adults aged 18–27 years comprising 24 emmetropes (spherical equivalent refraction of the dominant eye +0.04 ± 0.03 D) and 52 myopes (−2.73 ± 0.22 D) were included. Accommodation responses were measured with a Grand Seiko WAM‐5500 and a Hartmann–Shack Complete Ophthalmic Analysis System aberrometer, using pupil plane (Zernike and Seidel refraction) and retinal image plane (neural sharpness—NS; and visual Strehl ratio for modulation transfer function—VSMTF) metrics at 40, 33 and 25 cm. Accommodation stimuli were presented to the corrected dominant eye, and responses, referenced to the corneal plane, were determined in the fellow eye. Linear mixed‐effects models were used to determine influence of the refractive group, the measurement method, accommodation stimulus, age, race, parental myopia, gender and binocular measures of heterophoria, accommodative convergence/accommodation and convergence accommodation/convergence ratios. Results: Lags of accommodation were affected significantly by the measurement method (p < 0.001), the refractive group (p = 0.003), near heterophoria (p = 0.002) and accommodative stimulus (p < 0.05), with significant interactions between some of these variables. Overall, emmetropes had smaller lags of accommodation than myopes with respective means ± standard errors of 0.31 ± 0.08 D and 0.61 ± 0.06 D (p = 0.003). Lags were largest for the Grand Seiko and Zernike defocus, intermediate for NS and VSMTF, and least for Seidel defocus. Conclusions: The mean lag of accommodation in emmetropes is approximately equal to the previously reported depth of focus. Myopes had larger (double) lags than emmetropes. Differences between methods and instruments could be as great as 0.50 D, and this must be considered when comparing studies and outcomes. Accommodative lag increased with the accommodation stimulus, but only for methods using a fixed small pupil diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 158412251 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Accommodation lags are higher in myopia than in emmetropia: Measurement methods and metrics matter. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kaphle%2C+Dinesh%22">Kaphle, Dinesh</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Varnas%2C+Saulius+R%2E%22">Varnas, Saulius R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schmid%2C+Katrina+L%2E%22">Schmid, Katrina L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Suheimat%2C+Marwan%22">Suheimat, Marwan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leube%2C+Alexander%22">Leube, Alexander</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Atchison%2C+David+A%2E%22">Atchison, David A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ophthalmic+%26+Physiological+Optics%22">Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics</searchLink>. Sep2022, Vol. 42 Issue 5, p1103-1114. 12p. 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 2 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visual+accommodation%22">Visual accommodation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Myopia%22">Myopia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transfer+functions%22">Transfer functions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+plates%22">Surface plates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retinal+imaging%22">Retinal imaging</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Purpose: To determine whether accommodative errors in emmetropes and myopes are systematically different, and the effect of using different instruments and metrics. Methods: Seventy‐six adults aged 18–27 years comprising 24 emmetropes (spherical equivalent refraction of the dominant eye +0.04 ± 0.03 D) and 52 myopes (−2.73 ± 0.22 D) were included. Accommodation responses were measured with a Grand Seiko WAM‐5500 and a Hartmann–Shack Complete Ophthalmic Analysis System aberrometer, using pupil plane (Zernike and Seidel refraction) and retinal image plane (neural sharpness—NS; and visual Strehl ratio for modulation transfer function—VSMTF) metrics at 40, 33 and 25 cm. Accommodation stimuli were presented to the corrected dominant eye, and responses, referenced to the corneal plane, were determined in the fellow eye. Linear mixed‐effects models were used to determine influence of the refractive group, the measurement method, accommodation stimulus, age, race, parental myopia, gender and binocular measures of heterophoria, accommodative convergence/accommodation and convergence accommodation/convergence ratios. Results: Lags of accommodation were affected significantly by the measurement method (p < 0.001), the refractive group (p = 0.003), near heterophoria (p = 0.002) and accommodative stimulus (p < 0.05), with significant interactions between some of these variables. Overall, emmetropes had smaller lags of accommodation than myopes with respective means ± standard errors of 0.31 ± 0.08 D and 0.61 ± 0.06 D (p = 0.003). Lags were largest for the Grand Seiko and Zernike defocus, intermediate for NS and VSMTF, and least for Seidel defocus. Conclusions: The mean lag of accommodation in emmetropes is approximately equal to the previously reported depth of focus. Myopes had larger (double) lags than emmetropes. Differences between methods and instruments could be as great as 0.50 D, and this must be considered when comparing studies and outcomes. Accommodative lag increased with the accommodation stimulus, but only for methods using a fixed small pupil diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1111/opo.13021 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 12 StartPage: 1103 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Visual accommodation Type: general – SubjectFull: Myopia Type: general – SubjectFull: Transfer functions Type: general – SubjectFull: Surface plates Type: general – SubjectFull: Retinal imaging Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Accommodation lags are higher in myopia than in emmetropia: Measurement methods and metrics matter. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kaphle, Dinesh – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Varnas, Saulius R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Schmid, Katrina L. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Suheimat, Marwan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Leube, Alexander – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Atchison, David A. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: Sep2022 Type: published Y: 2022 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 02755408 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 42 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
