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Is shame the missing link between traumatic experiences and post‐traumatic stress disorder in Burundian children living on the streets?

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Title: Is shame the missing link between traumatic experiences and post‐traumatic stress disorder in Burundian children living on the streets?
Authors: Rukundo‐Zeller, Anja C. (AUTHOR), Bambonye, Manassé (AUTHOR), Mugisha, Hervé (AUTHOR), Muhoza, Jean‐Arnaud (AUTHOR), Ndayikengurukiye, Thierry (AUTHOR), Nitanga, Lydia (AUTHOR), Rushoza, Amini Ahmed (AUTHOR), Crombach, Anselm (AUTHOR)
Source: Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy. Jul2022, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p1416-1425. 10p. 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Adverse childhood experiences, Research methodology, Self-evaluation, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Child behavior, Interviewing, Experience, Factor analysis, Wounds & injuries, Shame in children, Psychological adaptation, Dose-response relationship in biochemistry, Children
Geographic Terms: Burundi
Abstract: Background: Shame is an emotion reflecting an anticipated social devaluation of the self. It is strongly associated with experiences of humiliation and rejection in early life. Individuals suffering from post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often struggle with shame. However, little is known about how shame contributes to the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms in children. The present study investigated the ways childhood exposure to human‐induced traumatic events promotes a coping mechanism of defeat and withdrawal facilitated by the experience of shame. We tested a dose–response relationship between lifetime experienced traumatic event types and PTSD in children using shame as a mediator. Methods: We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 33 male children who lived and worked on the streets of Bujumbura, the capital of Burundi at the time of data collection. We assessed self‐reported PTSD symptom severity, lifetime traumatic event load, violence experienced on the streets and shame intensity. Results: Mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect effect of lifetime traumatic events on PTSD symptom severity through shame intensity and a significant indirect effect of violence experienced on the streets on PTSD symptom severity through shame intensity. Conclusion: Our study suggests the mediating role of shame between traumatic experiences as well as violent experiences and PTSD symptom severity in children living on the streets. Shame in children suffering from PTSD seems to play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Is shame the missing link between traumatic experiences and post‐traumatic stress disorder in Burundian children living on the streets?
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Clinical+Psychology+%26+Psychotherapy%22">Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy</searchLink>. Jul2022, Vol. 29 Issue 4, p1416-1425. 10p. 2 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adverse+childhood+experiences%22">Adverse childhood experiences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self-evaluation%22">Self-evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Post-traumatic+stress+disorder%22">Post-traumatic stress disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+behavior%22">Child behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interviewing%22">Interviewing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experience%22">Experience</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+analysis%22">Factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wounds+%26+injuries%22">Wounds & injuries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shame+in+children%22">Shame in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+adaptation%22">Psychological adaptation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dose-response+relationship+in+biochemistry%22">Dose-response relationship in biochemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Burundi%22">Burundi</searchLink>
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  Data: Background: Shame is an emotion reflecting an anticipated social devaluation of the self. It is strongly associated with experiences of humiliation and rejection in early life. Individuals suffering from post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often struggle with shame. However, little is known about how shame contributes to the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms in children. The present study investigated the ways childhood exposure to human‐induced traumatic events promotes a coping mechanism of defeat and withdrawal facilitated by the experience of shame. We tested a dose–response relationship between lifetime experienced traumatic event types and PTSD in children using shame as a mediator. Methods: We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 33 male children who lived and worked on the streets of Bujumbura, the capital of Burundi at the time of data collection. We assessed self‐reported PTSD symptom severity, lifetime traumatic event load, violence experienced on the streets and shame intensity. Results: Mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect effect of lifetime traumatic events on PTSD symptom severity through shame intensity and a significant indirect effect of violence experienced on the streets on PTSD symptom severity through shame intensity. Conclusion: Our study suggests the mediating role of shame between traumatic experiences as well as violent experiences and PTSD symptom severity in children living on the streets. Shame in children suffering from PTSD seems to play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/cpp.2725
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 1416
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Adverse childhood experiences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self-evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Post-traumatic stress disorder
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Child behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interviewing
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      – SubjectFull: Experience
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Factor analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Wounds & injuries
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      – SubjectFull: Shame in children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological adaptation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dose-response relationship in biochemistry
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – SubjectFull: Burundi
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              Text: Jul2022
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              Y: 2022
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