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Patient Characteristics Associated with Opioid Abstinence after Participation in a Trial of Buprenorphine versus Injectable Naltrexone.

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Title: Patient Characteristics Associated with Opioid Abstinence after Participation in a Trial of Buprenorphine versus Injectable Naltrexone.
Authors: Greiner, Miranda G. (AUTHOR), Shulman, Matisyahu (AUTHOR), Scodes, Jennifer (AUTHOR), Choo, Tse-Hwei (AUTHOR), Pavlicova, Martina (AUTHOR), Opara, Onumara (AUTHOR), Campbell, Aimee N. C. (AUTHOR), Novo, Patricia (AUTHOR), Fishman, Marc (AUTHOR), Lee, Joshua D. (AUTHOR), Rotrosen, John (AUTHOR), Nunes, Edward V. (AUTHOR)
Source: Substance Use & Misuse. 2022, Vol. 57 Issue 11, p1732-1742. 11p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Naltrexone, Statistics, Substance abuse, Injections, Drug abstinence, Buprenorphine, Hispanic Americans, Race, Treatment effectiveness, Comparative studies, Descriptive statistics, Mental depression, Data analysis, Logistic regression analysis, Sociodemographic factors, Probability theory
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Better understanding of predictors of opioid abstinence among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) may help to inform interventions and personalize treatment plans. This analysis examined patient characteristics associated with opioid abstinence in the X:BOT (Extended-Release Naltrexone versus Buprenorphine for Opioid Treatment) trial. Methods: This post-hoc analysis examined factors associated with past-month opioid abstinence at the 36-week follow-up visit among participants in the X:BOT study. 428 participants (75% of original sample) attended the visit at 36 weeks. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the probability of opioid abstinence across various baseline sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment variables. Results: Of the 428 participants, 143 (33%) reported abstinence from non-prescribed opioids at the 36-week follow-up. Participants were more likely to be opioid abstinent if randomized to XR-NTX (compared to BUP-NX), were on XR-NTX at week 36 (compared to those off OUD pharmacotherapy), successfully inducted onto either study medication, had longer time on study medication, reported a greater number of abstinent weeks, or had longer time to relapse during the 24-week treatment trial. Participants were less likely to be abstinent if Hispanic, had a severe baseline Hamilton Depression Rating (HAM-D) score, or had baseline sedative use. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of participants was available at follow-up (75%), was on OUD pharmacotherapy (53%), and reported past-month opioid abstinence (33%) at 36 weeks. A minority of patients off medication for OUD reported abstinence and additional research is needed exploring patient characteristics that may be associated with successful treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Patient Characteristics Associated with Opioid Abstinence after Participation in a Trial of Buprenorphine versus Injectable Naltrexone.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Greiner%2C+Miranda+G%2E%22">Greiner, Miranda G.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shulman%2C+Matisyahu%22">Shulman, Matisyahu</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scodes%2C+Jennifer%22">Scodes, Jennifer</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Choo%2C+Tse-Hwei%22">Choo, Tse-Hwei</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pavlicova%2C+Martina%22">Pavlicova, Martina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Opara%2C+Onumara%22">Opara, Onumara</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Campbell%2C+Aimee+N%2E+C%2E%22">Campbell, Aimee N. C.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Novo%2C+Patricia%22">Novo, Patricia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fishman%2C+Marc%22">Fishman, Marc</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Joshua+D%2E%22">Lee, Joshua D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rotrosen%2C+John%22">Rotrosen, John</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nunes%2C+Edward+V%2E%22">Nunes, Edward V.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Substance+Use+%26+Misuse%22">Substance Use & Misuse</searchLink>. 2022, Vol. 57 Issue 11, p1732-1742. 11p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Naltrexone%22">Naltrexone</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistics%22">Statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse%22">Substance abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Injections%22">Injections</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+abstinence%22">Drug abstinence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Buprenorphine%22">Buprenorphine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hispanic+Americans%22">Hispanic Americans</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Race%22">Race</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Logistic+regression+analysis%22">Logistic regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sociodemographic+factors%22">Sociodemographic factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Probability+theory%22">Probability theory</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background and Objectives: Better understanding of predictors of opioid abstinence among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) may help to inform interventions and personalize treatment plans. This analysis examined patient characteristics associated with opioid abstinence in the X:BOT (Extended-Release Naltrexone versus Buprenorphine for Opioid Treatment) trial. Methods: This post-hoc analysis examined factors associated with past-month opioid abstinence at the 36-week follow-up visit among participants in the X:BOT study. 428 participants (75% of original sample) attended the visit at 36 weeks. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the probability of opioid abstinence across various baseline sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment variables. Results: Of the 428 participants, 143 (33%) reported abstinence from non-prescribed opioids at the 36-week follow-up. Participants were more likely to be opioid abstinent if randomized to XR-NTX (compared to BUP-NX), were on XR-NTX at week 36 (compared to those off OUD pharmacotherapy), successfully inducted onto either study medication, had longer time on study medication, reported a greater number of abstinent weeks, or had longer time to relapse during the 24-week treatment trial. Participants were less likely to be abstinent if Hispanic, had a severe baseline Hamilton Depression Rating (HAM-D) score, or had baseline sedative use. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of participants was available at follow-up (75%), was on OUD pharmacotherapy (53%), and reported past-month opioid abstinence (33%) at 36 weeks. A minority of patients off medication for OUD reported abstinence and additional research is needed exploring patient characteristics that may be associated with successful treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2112230
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Naltrexone
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
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      – SubjectFull: Injections
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      – SubjectFull: Drug abstinence
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      – SubjectFull: Buprenorphine
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      – SubjectFull: Hispanic Americans
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      – SubjectFull: Treatment effectiveness
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      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
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      – SubjectFull: Probability theory
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      – TitleFull: Patient Characteristics Associated with Opioid Abstinence after Participation in a Trial of Buprenorphine versus Injectable Naltrexone.
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