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More elaborate processing of own‐race faces and less elaborate processing of other‐race faces contribute to the other‐race effect in face memory.

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Title: More elaborate processing of own‐race faces and less elaborate processing of other‐race faces contribute to the other‐race effect in face memory.
Authors: Herzmann, Grit, Ogle, Olivia, Curran, Tim
Source: British Journal of Psychology. Nov2022, Vol. 113 Issue 4, p1033-1055. 23p. 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs.
Subjects: Memory, Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology), Semantics, Race, Face perception, Task performance, Face, Comparative studies, Visual perception, Medical artifacts, Medical coding
Abstract: Research suggests that own‐race faces are naturally memorized in a more elaborate (e.g., many features of a face or the whole face) way, whereas other‐race faces are memorized in a less elaborate (e.g., only selected features of the face) manner. Here, we tested if instructions for judgements about the whole face and a single facial feature modulated the other‐race effect in face memory. White participants performed whole‐face and single‐feature tasks while memorizing White and Black faces for later recognition. Encoding instructions had a stronger impact on own‐race than other‐race faces. Whole‐face instructions increased the other‐race effect, whereas single‐feature instructions decreased it. Own‐race faces in the whole‐face task demonstrated event‐related potential (ERP) patterns of memory encoding comparable to previously observed natural memory encoding, suggesting naturally more elaborate encoding of own‐race faces. ERPs of memory encoding for other‐race faces were similar between task conditions and comparable to previously observed natural encoding patterns, suggesting naturally less elaborate encoding. No impact of the encoding tasks was found on ERPs related to memory retrieval, which may be an artefact of a perceptual task that does not enhance semantic details in memory. The current results indicate that some contributions to the other‐race effect are more elaborate (more detailed) memory encoding for own‐race faces and less elaborate (less detailed) memory encoding for other‐race faces. This study also provides evidence for more malleability of own‐race than other‐race faces through task instructions, consistent with assumptions of perceptual learning theories of the other‐race effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of British Journal of Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: More elaborate processing of own‐race faces and less elaborate processing of other‐race faces contribute to the other‐race effect in face memory.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22British+Journal+of+Psychology%22">British Journal of Psychology</searchLink>. Nov2022, Vol. 113 Issue 4, p1033-1055. 23p. 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 6 Graphs.
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  Data: Research suggests that own‐race faces are naturally memorized in a more elaborate (e.g., many features of a face or the whole face) way, whereas other‐race faces are memorized in a less elaborate (e.g., only selected features of the face) manner. Here, we tested if instructions for judgements about the whole face and a single facial feature modulated the other‐race effect in face memory. White participants performed whole‐face and single‐feature tasks while memorizing White and Black faces for later recognition. Encoding instructions had a stronger impact on own‐race than other‐race faces. Whole‐face instructions increased the other‐race effect, whereas single‐feature instructions decreased it. Own‐race faces in the whole‐face task demonstrated event‐related potential (ERP) patterns of memory encoding comparable to previously observed natural memory encoding, suggesting naturally more elaborate encoding of own‐race faces. ERPs of memory encoding for other‐race faces were similar between task conditions and comparable to previously observed natural encoding patterns, suggesting naturally less elaborate encoding. No impact of the encoding tasks was found on ERPs related to memory retrieval, which may be an artefact of a perceptual task that does not enhance semantic details in memory. The current results indicate that some contributions to the other‐race effect are more elaborate (more detailed) memory encoding for own‐race faces and less elaborate (less detailed) memory encoding for other‐race faces. This study also provides evidence for more malleability of own‐race than other‐race faces through task instructions, consistent with assumptions of perceptual learning theories of the other‐race effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of British Journal of Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/bjop.12581
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Memory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology)
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      – SubjectFull: Semantics
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      – SubjectFull: Race
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      – SubjectFull: Face perception
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      – SubjectFull: Task performance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Face
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      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Visual perception
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      – SubjectFull: Medical artifacts
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      – SubjectFull: Medical coding
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      – TitleFull: More elaborate processing of own‐race faces and less elaborate processing of other‐race faces contribute to the other‐race effect in face memory.
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            NameFull: Herzmann, Grit
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            NameFull: Ogle, Olivia
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              Text: Nov2022
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