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Childhood trauma and amygdala nuclei volumes in youth at risk for mental illness.

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Title: Childhood trauma and amygdala nuclei volumes in youth at risk for mental illness.
Authors: Nogovitsyn, Nikita, Addington, Jean, Souza, Roberto, Placsko, Thea J., Stowkowy, Jacqueline, Wang, JianLi, Goldstein, Benjamin I., Bray, Signe, Lebel, Catherine, Taylor, Valerie H., Kennedy, Sidney H., MacQueen, Glenda
Source: Psychological Medicine. Apr2022, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p1192-1199. 8p.
Subjects: Mental depression risk factors, Adverse childhood experiences, Child sexual abuse, Magnetic resonance imaging, Risk assessment, Severity of illness index, Questionnaires, Descriptive statistics, Factor analysis, Amygdaloid body, Anxiety, Data analysis software, Aggression (Psychology), Adults, Adolescence
Geographic Terms: Ontario
Abstract: Background: Adults with significant childhood trauma and/or serious mental illness may exhibit persistent structural brain changes within limbic structures, including the amygdala. Little is known about the structure of the amygdala prior to the onset of SMI, despite the relatively high prevalence of trauma in at-risk youth. Methods: Data were gathered from the Canadian Psychiatric Risk and Outcome study. A total of 182 youth with a mean age of 18.3 years completed T1-weighted MRI scans along with clinical assessments that included questionnaires on symptoms of depression and anxiety. Participants also completed the Childhood Trauma and Abuse Scale. We used a novel subfield-specific amygdala segmentation workflow as a part of FreeSurfer 6.0 to examine amygdala structure. Results: Participants with higher trauma scores were more likely to have smaller amygdala volumes, particularly within the basal regions. Among various types of childhood trauma, sexual and physical abuse had the largest effects on amygdala subregions. Abuse-related differences in the right basal region mediated the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms, even though no participants met criteria for clinical diagnosis at the time of assessment. Conclusion: The experience of physical or sexual abuse may leave detectable structural alterations in key regions of the amygdala, potentially mediating the risk of psychopathology in trauma-exposed youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Childhood trauma and amygdala nuclei volumes in youth at risk for mental illness.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. Apr2022, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p1192-1199. 8p.
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  Data: Background: Adults with significant childhood trauma and/or serious mental illness may exhibit persistent structural brain changes within limbic structures, including the amygdala. Little is known about the structure of the amygdala prior to the onset of SMI, despite the relatively high prevalence of trauma in at-risk youth. Methods: Data were gathered from the Canadian Psychiatric Risk and Outcome study. A total of 182 youth with a mean age of 18.3 years completed T1-weighted MRI scans along with clinical assessments that included questionnaires on symptoms of depression and anxiety. Participants also completed the Childhood Trauma and Abuse Scale. We used a novel subfield-specific amygdala segmentation workflow as a part of FreeSurfer 6.0 to examine amygdala structure. Results: Participants with higher trauma scores were more likely to have smaller amygdala volumes, particularly within the basal regions. Among various types of childhood trauma, sexual and physical abuse had the largest effects on amygdala subregions. Abuse-related differences in the right basal region mediated the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms, even though no participants met criteria for clinical diagnosis at the time of assessment. Conclusion: The experience of physical or sexual abuse may leave detectable structural alterations in key regions of the amygdala, potentially mediating the risk of psychopathology in trauma-exposed youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=159744530
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1017/S0033291720003177
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adverse childhood experiences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Child sexual abuse
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      – SubjectFull: Magnetic resonance imaging
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      – SubjectFull: Amygdaloid body
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      – SubjectFull: Anxiety
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      – SubjectFull: Ontario
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              Text: Apr2022
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