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Systematic review: Rates of psychopathology, substance misuse, and neuropsychological dysfunction among transitional age youth experiencing homelessness.

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Title: Systematic review: Rates of psychopathology, substance misuse, and neuropsychological dysfunction among transitional age youth experiencing homelessness.
Authors: Burke, Colin W. (AUTHOR), Firmin, Elizabeth S. (AUTHOR), Wilens, Timothy E. (AUTHOR)
Source: American Journal on Addictions. Nov2022, Vol. 31 Issue 6, p523-534. 12p.
Subjects: Mental health, Substance abuse, Scholarly peer review, Transition to adulthood, Homelessness, Pathological psychology, Neuropsychology, Dual diagnosis
Geographic Terms: North America
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Transitional age youth experiencing homelessness (TAY‐EH) bear a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality related to psychopathology, substance use disorders (SUD), and neuropsychological dysfunction. Prior reviews examining these conditions are now nearly a decade old, have focused on younger adolescent populations, or have utilized nonsystematic approaches. To our knowledge, no prior reviews have reported on all three of these domains in an integrated fashion. Here, we provide a contemporary, critical synthesis of the literature on the functioning of TAY‐EH in North America within these three domains. Methods: Based upon PRISMA guidelines, a search of PubMed, Medline, and PsycInfo databases was conducted, including literature published between January 2015 and June 2021. Results: The initial search yielded 2024 citations; 104 underwent full text review and 32 met inclusion criteria, with a final aggregate sample size of 13,516. Studies revealed elevated rates of mood disorders, PTSD, anxiety disorders, and alcohol misuse. There is insufficient data to draw generalizable conclusions regarding neuropsychological functioning, other SUD, or other psychiatric diagnoses. No studies reported on co‐occurrence of disorders among or between the domains of psychopathology, SUD, and neuropsychological dysfunction. Four studies used structured interviews for diagnoses, with the remainder relying upon brief screeners or self‐report measures. Conclusions and Scientific Significance: To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to provide integrated findings on psychopathology, SUD, and neuropsychological dysfunction among TAY‐EH. Further research using structured, DSM‐based tools is needed to characterize rates of single and co‐occurring conditions to inform tailored treatment interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal on Addictions is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Background and Objectives: Transitional age youth experiencing homelessness (TAY‐EH) bear a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality related to psychopathology, substance use disorders (SUD), and neuropsychological dysfunction. Prior reviews examining these conditions are now nearly a decade old, have focused on younger adolescent populations, or have utilized nonsystematic approaches. To our knowledge, no prior reviews have reported on all three of these domains in an integrated fashion. Here, we provide a contemporary, critical synthesis of the literature on the functioning of TAY‐EH in North America within these three domains. Methods: Based upon PRISMA guidelines, a search of PubMed, Medline, and PsycInfo databases was conducted, including literature published between January 2015 and June 2021. Results: The initial search yielded 2024 citations; 104 underwent full text review and 32 met inclusion criteria, with a final aggregate sample size of 13,516. Studies revealed elevated rates of mood disorders, PTSD, anxiety disorders, and alcohol misuse. There is insufficient data to draw generalizable conclusions regarding neuropsychological functioning, other SUD, or other psychiatric diagnoses. No studies reported on co‐occurrence of disorders among or between the domains of psychopathology, SUD, and neuropsychological dysfunction. Four studies used structured interviews for diagnoses, with the remainder relying upon brief screeners or self‐report measures. Conclusions and Scientific Significance: To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to provide integrated findings on psychopathology, SUD, and neuropsychological dysfunction among TAY‐EH. Further research using structured, DSM‐based tools is needed to characterize rates of single and co‐occurring conditions to inform tailored treatment interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of American Journal on Addictions is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ajad.13340
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Transition to adulthood
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      – SubjectFull: Homelessness
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      – SubjectFull: Neuropsychology
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      – SubjectFull: Dual diagnosis
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      – SubjectFull: North America
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      – TitleFull: Systematic review: Rates of psychopathology, substance misuse, and neuropsychological dysfunction among transitional age youth experiencing homelessness.
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              Text: Nov2022
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