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Rate Dependence and Token Reinforcement? A Preliminary Analysis.

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Title: Rate Dependence and Token Reinforcement? A Preliminary Analysis.
Authors: Falligant, John Michael (AUTHOR), Kranak, Michael P. (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychological Record. Dec2022, Vol. 72 Issue 4, p751-757. 7p.
Subjects: Reinforcement (Psychology), Heterogeneity, Scheduling
Abstract: Changes in token exchange-production schedules may alter behavior when token-production schedules and token-exchange schedules are held constant. Although research suggests accumulated exchange-production schedules may support higher rates of responding relative to distributed exchange-production schedules, this finding is inconsistent across different participants and studies. The concept of rate dependence—which describes a characteristic pattern in which changes in responding following an intervention are dependent upon baseline rates of behavior—may partly explain these inconsistent findings. Thus, the purpose of this preliminary investigation was to examine token schedule effects for the presence of rate-dependent characteristics using data obtained from published token economy investigations with human participants. Results from these analyses demonstrate that rate-dependent phenomena may have generality to token reinforcement, and potentially explain some heterogeneity in the applied literature on exchange-production schedules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychological Record is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Rate Dependence and Token Reinforcement? A Preliminary Analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Falligant%2C+John+Michael%22">Falligant, John Michael</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kranak%2C+Michael+P%2E%22">Kranak, Michael P.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: Changes in token exchange-production schedules may alter behavior when token-production schedules and token-exchange schedules are held constant. Although research suggests accumulated exchange-production schedules may support higher rates of responding relative to distributed exchange-production schedules, this finding is inconsistent across different participants and studies. The concept of rate dependence—which describes a characteristic pattern in which changes in responding following an intervention are dependent upon baseline rates of behavior—may partly explain these inconsistent findings. Thus, the purpose of this preliminary investigation was to examine token schedule effects for the presence of rate-dependent characteristics using data obtained from published token economy investigations with human participants. Results from these analyses demonstrate that rate-dependent phenomena may have generality to token reinforcement, and potentially explain some heterogeneity in the applied literature on exchange-production schedules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Record is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s40732-022-00521-1
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