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Motion opponency at the middle temporal cortex: Preserved motion information and the effect of perceptual learning.

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Title: Motion opponency at the middle temporal cortex: Preserved motion information and the effect of perceptual learning.
Authors: Yu, Alexander (AUTHOR), Zhang, Ruizhe (AUTHOR), Silva, Andrew E. (AUTHOR), Xing, Yang (AUTHOR), Thompson, Benjamin (AUTHOR), Liu, Zili (AUTHOR)
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience. Dec2022, Vol. 56 Issue 12, p6215-6226. 12p. 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs.
Subjects: Perceptual learning, Temporal lobe, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Pink noise, Motion detectors, Support vector machines, Speech processing systems
Abstract: Motion opponency, first observed within the primate middle temporal cortex (MT), refers to the suppressing effect of opposite motion directions on neuronal activity. Namely, when opposing motion directional signals stimulate an MT neuron's receptive field, this neuron's response is comparable with that induced by flicker noise. Under such suppression, it is unknown whether any directional information is still represented at MT. In this study, we applied support vector machine (SVM) learning to human functional magnetic resonance imaging data to investigate if any motion defined orientation information was still available from suppressed MT. We found that, at least at the level of ±45° discrimination, such orientation information was still available. Interestingly, after behavioural perceptual learning that improved human discrimination of fine orientation discrimination (e.g. 42° vs. 48°) using the MT‐suppressive motion stimuli, the SVM discrimination of ±45° worsened when functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals at post‐learning MT were used. This result is consistent with findings in Thompson et al. (2013) that, post‐perceptual learning, MT suppression was not released, suggesting that motion opponency was perhaps functionally too important for perceptual learning to overcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Motion opponency at the middle temporal cortex: Preserved motion information and the effect of perceptual learning.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Alexander%22">Yu, Alexander</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Ruizhe%22">Zhang, Ruizhe</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Silva%2C+Andrew+E%2E%22">Silva, Andrew E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xing%2C+Yang%22">Xing, Yang</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thompson%2C+Benjamin%22">Thompson, Benjamin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Zili%22">Liu, Zili</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Neuroscience%22">European Journal of Neuroscience</searchLink>. Dec2022, Vol. 56 Issue 12, p6215-6226. 12p. 2 Diagrams, 4 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Perceptual+learning%22">Perceptual learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temporal+lobe%22">Temporal lobe</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Functional+magnetic+resonance+imaging%22">Functional magnetic resonance imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pink+noise%22">Pink noise</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Motion+detectors%22">Motion detectors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Support+vector+machines%22">Support vector machines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+processing+systems%22">Speech processing systems</searchLink>
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  Data: Motion opponency, first observed within the primate middle temporal cortex (MT), refers to the suppressing effect of opposite motion directions on neuronal activity. Namely, when opposing motion directional signals stimulate an MT neuron's receptive field, this neuron's response is comparable with that induced by flicker noise. Under such suppression, it is unknown whether any directional information is still represented at MT. In this study, we applied support vector machine (SVM) learning to human functional magnetic resonance imaging data to investigate if any motion defined orientation information was still available from suppressed MT. We found that, at least at the level of ±45° discrimination, such orientation information was still available. Interestingly, after behavioural perceptual learning that improved human discrimination of fine orientation discrimination (e.g. 42° vs. 48°) using the MT‐suppressive motion stimuli, the SVM discrimination of ±45° worsened when functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals at post‐learning MT were used. This result is consistent with findings in Thompson et al. (2013) that, post‐perceptual learning, MT suppression was not released, suggesting that motion opponency was perhaps functionally too important for perceptual learning to overcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Dec2022
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