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Nonspecific Effects of Normal Aging on Taxonomic and Thematic Semantic Processing.

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Title: Nonspecific Effects of Normal Aging on Taxonomic and Thematic Semantic Processing.
Authors: Merck, Catherine, Noël, Audrey, Jamet, Eric, Robert, Maxime, Salmon, Anne, Belliard, Serge, Kalénine, Solène
Source: Experimental Aging Research. Jan/Feb2023, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p18-40. 23p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Semantic memory, Aging
Abstract: This study aimed to assess the effect of normal aging on the processing of taxonomic and thematic semantic relations. We used the Visual-World-Paradigm coupled with eye-movement recording. We compared performance of healthy younger and older adults on a word-to-picture matching task in which participants had to identify each target among semantically related (taxonomic or thematic) and unrelated distractors. Younger and older participants exhibited similar patterns of gaze fixations in the two semantic conditions. The effect of aging took the form of an overall reduction in sensitivity to semantic competitors, with no difference between the taxonomic and thematic conditions. Moreover, comparison of the proportions of fixations between the younger and older participants indicated that targets were identified equally quickly in both age groups. This was not the case when mouse-click reaction times were analyzed. Findings argue in favor of nonspecific effects of normal aging on semantic processing that similarly affect taxonomic and thematic processing. There are important clinical implications, as pathological aging has been repeatedly shown to selectively affect either taxonomic or thematic relations. Measuring eye-movements in a semantic task is also an interesting approach in the elderly, as these seem to be less impacted by aging than other motor responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Experimental Aging Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Nonspecific Effects of Normal Aging on Taxonomic and Thematic Semantic Processing.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Merck%2C+Catherine%22">Merck, Catherine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Noël%2C+Audrey%22">Noël, Audrey</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jamet%2C+Eric%22">Jamet, Eric</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Robert%2C+Maxime%22">Robert, Maxime</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salmon%2C+Anne%22">Salmon, Anne</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Belliard%2C+Serge%22">Belliard, Serge</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kalénine%2C+Solène%22">Kalénine, Solène</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Experimental+Aging+Research%22">Experimental Aging Research</searchLink>. Jan/Feb2023, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p18-40. 23p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This study aimed to assess the effect of normal aging on the processing of taxonomic and thematic semantic relations. We used the Visual-World-Paradigm coupled with eye-movement recording. We compared performance of healthy younger and older adults on a word-to-picture matching task in which participants had to identify each target among semantically related (taxonomic or thematic) and unrelated distractors. Younger and older participants exhibited similar patterns of gaze fixations in the two semantic conditions. The effect of aging took the form of an overall reduction in sensitivity to semantic competitors, with no difference between the taxonomic and thematic conditions. Moreover, comparison of the proportions of fixations between the younger and older participants indicated that targets were identified equally quickly in both age groups. This was not the case when mouse-click reaction times were analyzed. Findings argue in favor of nonspecific effects of normal aging on semantic processing that similarly affect taxonomic and thematic processing. There are important clinical implications, as pathological aging has been repeatedly shown to selectively affect either taxonomic or thematic relations. Measuring eye-movements in a semantic task is also an interesting approach in the elderly, as these seem to be less impacted by aging than other motor responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Experimental Aging Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/0361073X.2022.2046948
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              Text: Jan/Feb2023
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