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Visual filtering in time and space among persons with Down syndrome.

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Title: Visual filtering in time and space among persons with Down syndrome.
Authors: Matsuba, E. S. M., Russo, N., McKernan, E., Curl, R., Dawkins, T., Flores, H., Miseros, M., Stewart, J., Loebus, A., Brodeur, D. A., Burack, J. A.
Source: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. Mar2023, Vol. 67 Issue 3, p205-215. 11p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Down syndrome, Visual perception, Research funding, Attention, Reaction time, Intellectual disabilities
Abstract: Background: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) appear to perform at a level that is commensurate with developmental expectations on simple tasks of selective attention. In this study, we examine how their selective attention is impacted by target changes that unfold over both time and space. This increased complexity reflects an attempt at greater ecological validity in an experimental task, as a steppingstone for better understanding attention among persons with DS in real‐world environments. Methods: A modified flanker task was used to assess visual temporal and spatial filtering among persons with DS (n = 14) and typically developing individuals (n = 14) matched on non‐verbal mental age (mental age = 8.5 years). Experimental conditions included varying the stimulus onset asynchronies between the onset of the target and flankers, the distances between the target and flankers, and the similarity of the target and flankers. Results: Both the participants with DS and the typically developing participants showed slower reaction times and lower accuracy rates when the flankers appeared closer in time and/or space to the target. Conclusion: No group differences were found on a broad level, but the findings suggest that dynamic stimuli may be processed differently by those with DS. Implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the developmental approach to intellectual disability originally articulated by Ed Zigler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Intellectual Disability Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Visual filtering in time and space among persons with Down syndrome.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Matsuba%2C+E%2E+S%2E+M%2E%22">Matsuba, E. S. M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Russo%2C+N%2E%22">Russo, N.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McKernan%2C+E%2E%22">McKernan, E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Curl%2C+R%2E%22">Curl, R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dawkins%2C+T%2E%22">Dawkins, T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Flores%2C+H%2E%22">Flores, H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Miseros%2C+M%2E%22">Miseros, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stewart%2C+J%2E%22">Stewart, J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Loebus%2C+A%2E%22">Loebus, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brodeur%2C+D%2E+A%2E%22">Brodeur, D. A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burack%2C+J%2E+A%2E%22">Burack, J. A.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Intellectual+Disability+Research%22">Journal of Intellectual Disability Research</searchLink>. Mar2023, Vol. 67 Issue 3, p205-215. 11p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Down+syndrome%22">Down syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visual+perception%22">Visual perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention%22">Attention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reaction+time%22">Reaction time</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intellectual+disabilities%22">Intellectual disabilities</searchLink>
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  Data: Background: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) appear to perform at a level that is commensurate with developmental expectations on simple tasks of selective attention. In this study, we examine how their selective attention is impacted by target changes that unfold over both time and space. This increased complexity reflects an attempt at greater ecological validity in an experimental task, as a steppingstone for better understanding attention among persons with DS in real‐world environments. Methods: A modified flanker task was used to assess visual temporal and spatial filtering among persons with DS (n = 14) and typically developing individuals (n = 14) matched on non‐verbal mental age (mental age = 8.5 years). Experimental conditions included varying the stimulus onset asynchronies between the onset of the target and flankers, the distances between the target and flankers, and the similarity of the target and flankers. Results: Both the participants with DS and the typically developing participants showed slower reaction times and lower accuracy rates when the flankers appeared closer in time and/or space to the target. Conclusion: No group differences were found on a broad level, but the findings suggest that dynamic stimuli may be processed differently by those with DS. Implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the developmental approach to intellectual disability originally articulated by Ed Zigler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Intellectual Disability Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/jir.12958
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      – SubjectFull: Attention
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      – SubjectFull: Reaction time
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      – TitleFull: Visual filtering in time and space among persons with Down syndrome.
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              Text: Mar2023
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