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In Addition to Stigma: Cognitive and Autism-Related Predictors of Mental Health in Transgender Adolescents.

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Title: In Addition to Stigma: Cognitive and Autism-Related Predictors of Mental Health in Transgender Adolescents.
Authors: Strang, John F. (AUTHOR), Anthony, Laura G. (AUTHOR), Song, Amber (AUTHOR), Lai, Meng-Chuan (AUTHOR), Knauss, Megan (AUTHOR), Sadikova, Eleonora (AUTHOR), Graham, Elizabeth (AUTHOR), Zaks, Zosia (AUTHOR), Wimms, Harriette (AUTHOR), Willing, Laura (AUTHOR), Call, David (AUTHOR), Mancilla, Michael (AUTHOR), Shakin, Sara (AUTHOR), Vilain, Eric (AUTHOR), Kim, Da-Young (AUTHOR), Maisashvili, Tekla (AUTHOR), Khawaja, Ayesha (AUTHOR), Kenworthy, Lauren (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology. Mar/Apr2023, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p212-229. 18p.
Subjects: Transgender youth, Health of transgender people, Mental health, Gender nonconformity, Asperger's syndrome, Executive function
Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is significantly over-represented among transgender adolescents. Independently, ASD and gender diversity are associated with increased mental health risks. Yet, mental health in autistic-transgender adolescents is poorly understood. This study investigates mental health in the largest matched sample to date of autistic-transgender, non-autistic (allistic) transgender, and autistic-cisgender adolescents diagnosed using gold-standard ASD diagnostic procedures. In accordance with advancing understanding of sex/gender-related autism phenotypes, slightly subthreshold autistic diagnostic presentations (common in autistic girls/women) are modeled. This study includes 93 adolescents aged 13–21, evenly divided between autistic-transgender, autistic-cisgender, and allistic-transgender groups; 13 transgender adolescents were at the margin of ASD diagnosis and included within a larger "broad-ASD" grouping. Psychological and neuropsychological evaluation included assessment of mental health, IQ, LGBT stigma, ASD-related social symptoms, executive functioning (EF), and EF-related barriers to achieving gender-related needs. Autistic-transgender adolescents experienced significantly greater internalizing symptoms compared to allistic-transgender and autistic-cisgender groups. In addition to stigma-related associations with mental health, ASD-related cognitive/neurodevelopmental factors (i.e., poorer EF and greater social symptoms) were associated with worse mental health: specifically, social symptoms and EF gender barriers with greater internalizing and EF problems and EF gender barriers with greater suicidality. Comparing across all ASD and gender-related groups, female gender identity was associated with greater suicidality. Parsing the heterogeneity of mental health risks among transgender youth is critical for developing targeted assessments and interventions. This study identifies ASD diagnosis, ASD phenotypic characteristics, and EF-related gender barriers as potential risks for poorer mental health in transgender adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: In Addition to Stigma: Cognitive and Autism-Related Predictors of Mental Health in Transgender Adolescents.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Strang%2C+John+F%2E%22">Strang, John F.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anthony%2C+Laura+G%2E%22">Anthony, Laura G.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Song%2C+Amber%22">Song, Amber</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lai%2C+Meng-Chuan%22">Lai, Meng-Chuan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Knauss%2C+Megan%22">Knauss, Megan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sadikova%2C+Eleonora%22">Sadikova, Eleonora</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Graham%2C+Elizabeth%22">Graham, Elizabeth</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zaks%2C+Zosia%22">Zaks, Zosia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wimms%2C+Harriette%22">Wimms, Harriette</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Willing%2C+Laura%22">Willing, Laura</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Call%2C+David%22">Call, David</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mancilla%2C+Michael%22">Mancilla, Michael</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shakin%2C+Sara%22">Shakin, Sara</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vilain%2C+Eric%22">Vilain, Eric</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Da-Young%22">Kim, Da-Young</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maisashvili%2C+Tekla%22">Maisashvili, Tekla</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khawaja%2C+Ayesha%22">Khawaja, Ayesha</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kenworthy%2C+Lauren%22">Kenworthy, Lauren</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Clinical+Child+%26+Adolescent+Psychology%22">Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology</searchLink>. Mar/Apr2023, Vol. 52 Issue 2, p212-229. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transgender+youth%22">Transgender youth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+of+transgender+people%22">Health of transgender people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+nonconformity%22">Gender nonconformity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Asperger's+syndrome%22">Asperger's syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Executive+function%22">Executive function</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is significantly over-represented among transgender adolescents. Independently, ASD and gender diversity are associated with increased mental health risks. Yet, mental health in autistic-transgender adolescents is poorly understood. This study investigates mental health in the largest matched sample to date of autistic-transgender, non-autistic (allistic) transgender, and autistic-cisgender adolescents diagnosed using gold-standard ASD diagnostic procedures. In accordance with advancing understanding of sex/gender-related autism phenotypes, slightly subthreshold autistic diagnostic presentations (common in autistic girls/women) are modeled. This study includes 93 adolescents aged 13–21, evenly divided between autistic-transgender, autistic-cisgender, and allistic-transgender groups; 13 transgender adolescents were at the margin of ASD diagnosis and included within a larger "broad-ASD" grouping. Psychological and neuropsychological evaluation included assessment of mental health, IQ, LGBT stigma, ASD-related social symptoms, executive functioning (EF), and EF-related barriers to achieving gender-related needs. Autistic-transgender adolescents experienced significantly greater internalizing symptoms compared to allistic-transgender and autistic-cisgender groups. In addition to stigma-related associations with mental health, ASD-related cognitive/neurodevelopmental factors (i.e., poorer EF and greater social symptoms) were associated with worse mental health: specifically, social symptoms and EF gender barriers with greater internalizing and EF problems and EF gender barriers with greater suicidality. Comparing across all ASD and gender-related groups, female gender identity was associated with greater suicidality. Parsing the heterogeneity of mental health risks among transgender youth is critical for developing targeted assessments and interventions. This study identifies ASD diagnosis, ASD phenotypic characteristics, and EF-related gender barriers as potential risks for poorer mental health in transgender adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/15374416.2021.1916940
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 212
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      – SubjectFull: Transgender youth
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health of transgender people
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      – SubjectFull: Mental health
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