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Predicting eating disorder and anxiety symptoms using disorder-specific and transdiagnostic polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

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Title: Predicting eating disorder and anxiety symptoms using disorder-specific and transdiagnostic polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Authors: Yilmaz, Zeynep, Schaumberg, Katherine, Halvorsen, Matthew, Goodman, Erica L., Brosof, Leigh C., Crowley, James J., Mathews, Carol A., Mattheisen, Manuel, Breen, Gerome, Bulik, Cynthia M., Micali, Nadia, Zerwas, Stephanie C.
Source: Psychological Medicine. May2023, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p3021-3035. 15p.
Subjects: Genetics, Age distribution, Effect sizes (Statistics), Risk assessment, Genome-wide association studies, Sex distribution, Research funding, Anxiety, Anorexia nervosa, Eating disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Phenotypes
Abstract: Background: Clinical, epidemiological, and genetic findings support an overlap between eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety symptoms. However, little research has examined the role of genetics in the expression of underlying phenotypes. We investigated whether the anorexia nervosa (AN), OCD, or AN/OCD transdiagnostic polygenic scores (PGS) predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms in a large developmental cohort in a sex-specific manner. Methods: Using summary statistics from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium AN and OCD genome-wide association studies, we conducted an AN/OCD transdiagnostic genome-wide association meta-analysis. We then calculated AN, OCD, and AN/OCD PGS in participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children to predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms, stratified by sex (combined N = 3212–5369 per phenotype). Results: The PGS prediction of eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety phenotypes differed between sexes, although effect sizes were small. AN and AN/OCD PGS played a more prominent role in predicting eating disorder and anxiety risk than OCD PGS, especially in girls. AN/OCD PGS provided a small boost over AN PGS in the prediction of some anxiety symptoms. All three PGS predicted higher compulsive exercise across different developmental timepoints [ β = 0.03 (s.e. = 0.01) for AN and AN/OCD PGS at age 14; β = 0.05 (s.e. = 0.02) for OCD PGS at age 16] in girls. Conclusions: Compulsive exercise may have a transdiagnostic genetic etiology, and AN genetic risk may play a role in the presence of anxiety symptoms. Converging with prior twin literature, our results also suggest that some of the contribution of genetic risk may be sex-specific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Predicting eating disorder and anxiety symptoms using disorder-specific and transdiagnostic polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yilmaz%2C+Zeynep%22">Yilmaz, Zeynep</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schaumberg%2C+Katherine%22">Schaumberg, Katherine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Halvorsen%2C+Matthew%22">Halvorsen, Matthew</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goodman%2C+Erica+L%2E%22">Goodman, Erica L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brosof%2C+Leigh+C%2E%22">Brosof, Leigh C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Crowley%2C+James+J%2E%22">Crowley, James J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mathews%2C+Carol+A%2E%22">Mathews, Carol A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mattheisen%2C+Manuel%22">Mattheisen, Manuel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Breen%2C+Gerome%22">Breen, Gerome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bulik%2C+Cynthia+M%2E%22">Bulik, Cynthia M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Micali%2C+Nadia%22">Micali, Nadia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zerwas%2C+Stephanie+C%2E%22">Zerwas, Stephanie C.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. May2023, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p3021-3035. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetics%22">Genetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+distribution%22">Age distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Effect+sizes+%28Statistics%29%22">Effect sizes (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+assessment%22">Risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genome-wide+association+studies%22">Genome-wide association studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+distribution%22">Sex distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anxiety%22">Anxiety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anorexia+nervosa%22">Anorexia nervosa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eating+disorders%22">Eating disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Obsessive-compulsive+disorder%22">Obsessive-compulsive disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenotypes%22">Phenotypes</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Clinical, epidemiological, and genetic findings support an overlap between eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety symptoms. However, little research has examined the role of genetics in the expression of underlying phenotypes. We investigated whether the anorexia nervosa (AN), OCD, or AN/OCD transdiagnostic polygenic scores (PGS) predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms in a large developmental cohort in a sex-specific manner. Methods: Using summary statistics from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium AN and OCD genome-wide association studies, we conducted an AN/OCD transdiagnostic genome-wide association meta-analysis. We then calculated AN, OCD, and AN/OCD PGS in participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children to predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms, stratified by sex (combined N = 3212–5369 per phenotype). Results: The PGS prediction of eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety phenotypes differed between sexes, although effect sizes were small. AN and AN/OCD PGS played a more prominent role in predicting eating disorder and anxiety risk than OCD PGS, especially in girls. AN/OCD PGS provided a small boost over AN PGS in the prediction of some anxiety symptoms. All three PGS predicted higher compulsive exercise across different developmental timepoints [ β = 0.03 (s.e. = 0.01) for AN and AN/OCD PGS at age 14; β = 0.05 (s.e. = 0.02) for OCD PGS at age 16] in girls. Conclusions: Compulsive exercise may have a transdiagnostic genetic etiology, and AN genetic risk may play a role in the presence of anxiety symptoms. Converging with prior twin literature, our results also suggest that some of the contribution of genetic risk may be sex-specific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1017/S0033291721005079
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 3021
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Genetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Effect sizes (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genome-wide association studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anxiety
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anorexia nervosa
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      – SubjectFull: Eating disorders
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      – SubjectFull: Obsessive-compulsive disorder
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      – SubjectFull: Phenotypes
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      – TitleFull: Predicting eating disorder and anxiety symptoms using disorder-specific and transdiagnostic polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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              Text: May2023
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              Y: 2023
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