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Antibody-Positive Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome: Epidemiology and Outcome of Neuronal Antibody Testing in Sweden.

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Title: Antibody-Positive Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome: Epidemiology and Outcome of Neuronal Antibody Testing in Sweden.
Authors: Kosek, Sonja (AUTHOR), Persson, Barbro (AUTHOR), Rodrigues, Rui (AUTHOR), Malmeström, Clas (AUTHOR), Punga, Anna Rostedt (AUTHOR), Burman, Joachim (AUTHOR)
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 4/10/2023, p1-9. 9p.
Subjects: Antibody titer, Paraneoplastic syndromes, Encephalitis, Epidemiology, Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, Medical care
Geographic Terms: Sweden
Abstract: Objective. To estimate the 5-year incidence rate of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) in Sweden. Methods. All patients who were tested for a neuronal antibody in Sweden between 2015 and 2019 were included. Patients in Healthcare region Mid Sweden (population 2.1 million) were invited to participate in a case ascertainment substudy. AE and PNS cases were defined using established diagnostic criteria. Crude and age-adjusted incidence rates of AE and PNS in Healthcare region Mid Sweden were estimated. Results. The number of tests for neuronal antibodies in Sweden increased between 2015 and 2019 from 1867 to 2505 (serum) and 863 to 1376 (CSF) per annum. The frequencies of positive results were stable over the entire study period, and the mean value was 6.1% for serum (CI95% 5.5–6.7) and 4.8% for CSF (CI95% 4.0–5.6). In total, 125 patients tested positive for neuronal antibodies in Healthcare region Mid Sweden between 2015 and 2019. Of these, 94 were included, and after case ascertainment, thirty-one cases of definite AE or PNS could be identified. The 5-year incidence rate of AE and PNS was 3.0 per million person-years (95% CI 1.9-4.1). The yearly incidence rates increased in the study period, from 1.5 per million person-years in 2015 (95% CI 0.0-3.2) to 4.3 per million person-years in 2019 (95% CI 1.5-7.1). Conclusions. In this first epidemiological study of AE and PNS in Sweden, the number of cases doubled from 2015 to 2019. This likely reflects increased availability of testing and awareness of these conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Acta Neurologica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Antibody-Positive Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome: Epidemiology and Outcome of Neuronal Antibody Testing in Sweden.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kosek%2C+Sonja%22">Kosek, Sonja</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Persson%2C+Barbro%22">Persson, Barbro</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rodrigues%2C+Rui%22">Rodrigues, Rui</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Malmeström%2C+Clas%22">Malmeström, Clas</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Punga%2C+Anna+Rostedt%22">Punga, Anna Rostedt</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burman%2C+Joachim%22">Burman, Joachim</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Acta+Neurologica+Scandinavica%22">Acta Neurologica Scandinavica</searchLink>. 4/10/2023, p1-9. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antibody+titer%22">Antibody titer</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Paraneoplastic+syndromes%22">Paraneoplastic syndromes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Encephalitis%22">Encephalitis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epidemiology%22">Epidemiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anti-NMDA+receptor+encephalitis%22">Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+care%22">Medical care</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sweden%22">Sweden</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Objective. To estimate the 5-year incidence rate of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) in Sweden. Methods. All patients who were tested for a neuronal antibody in Sweden between 2015 and 2019 were included. Patients in Healthcare region Mid Sweden (population 2.1 million) were invited to participate in a case ascertainment substudy. AE and PNS cases were defined using established diagnostic criteria. Crude and age-adjusted incidence rates of AE and PNS in Healthcare region Mid Sweden were estimated. Results. The number of tests for neuronal antibodies in Sweden increased between 2015 and 2019 from 1867 to 2505 (serum) and 863 to 1376 (CSF) per annum. The frequencies of positive results were stable over the entire study period, and the mean value was 6.1% for serum (CI95% 5.5–6.7) and 4.8% for CSF (CI95% 4.0–5.6). In total, 125 patients tested positive for neuronal antibodies in Healthcare region Mid Sweden between 2015 and 2019. Of these, 94 were included, and after case ascertainment, thirty-one cases of definite AE or PNS could be identified. The 5-year incidence rate of AE and PNS was 3.0 per million person-years (95% CI 1.9-4.1). The yearly incidence rates increased in the study period, from 1.5 per million person-years in 2015 (95% CI 0.0-3.2) to 4.3 per million person-years in 2019 (95% CI 1.5-7.1). Conclusions. In this first epidemiological study of AE and PNS in Sweden, the number of cases doubled from 2015 to 2019. This likely reflects increased availability of testing and awareness of these conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Acta Neurologica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1155/2023/6993615
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
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      – SubjectFull: Antibody titer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Paraneoplastic syndromes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Encephalitis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sweden
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Antibody-Positive Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome: Epidemiology and Outcome of Neuronal Antibody Testing in Sweden.
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            – D: 10
              M: 04
              Text: 4/10/2023
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              Y: 2023
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