Environmental Cues Can Indirectly Acquire Cocaine-Eliciting Changes in Heart Rate: A Pilot Study of Derived Relational Responding, the Transfer of Function among Cocaine Users.
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| Title: | Environmental Cues Can Indirectly Acquire Cocaine-Eliciting Changes in Heart Rate: A Pilot Study of Derived Relational Responding, the Transfer of Function among Cocaine Users. |
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| Authors: | Carpenter, Kenneth M. (AUTHOR), Foltin, Richard W. (AUTHOR), Haney, Margaret (AUTHOR), Evans, Suzette M. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Psychological Record. Sep2023, Vol. 73 Issue 3, p481-500. 20p. |
| Subjects: | Cocaine-induced disorders, Heart beat, Transfer functions, Cocaine, Pilot projects, Environmental history, Environmental justice |
| Abstract: | Identifying the processes by which environmental stimuli can come to influence drug use is important for developing more efficacious interventions. This study investigated derived relational responding and the transfer of differential conditioned effects of environmental stimuli paired with "smoked" cocaine in accordance with the relations of symmetry, transitivity, and equivalence using Heart Rate as the measure of conditioning among 12 adults with significant histories of cocaine use. Match-to-sample (MTS) procedures were used to test for emergent relations among two four-member stimulus groupings. One member of a group was then paired with 25 -mg of smoked cocaine and one member of the other group was paired with 0 -mg of smoked cocaine. Ten participants completed the MTS protocol: four participants demonstrated two four-member equivalence classes, three participants demonstrated two three-member equivalence classes, and two participants demonstrated symmetry only. One participant demonstrated no derived relations. Differential respondent elicited changes in HR was demonstrated in the presence of stimuli paired with smoked cocaine among four of the six participants completing the conditioning phase; all four of the participants demonstrated a bidirectional transfer of these functions in accordance with symmetry. Transfer was not reliably demonstrated in accordance with transitive or equivalence relations. The results suggest that respondent elicitation in the context of drug use may be a function of both direct conditioning and derived relational processes. These findings have implications for studying and understanding the processes by which stimuli in the natural ecology can set the occasion for cocaine use and developing cocaine use disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Psychological Record is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 172445436 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Environmental Cues Can Indirectly Acquire Cocaine-Eliciting Changes in Heart Rate: A Pilot Study of Derived Relational Responding, the Transfer of Function among Cocaine Users. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carpenter%2C+Kenneth+M%2E%22">Carpenter, Kenneth M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Foltin%2C+Richard+W%2E%22">Foltin, Richard W.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Haney%2C+Margaret%22">Haney, Margaret</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Evans%2C+Suzette+M%2E%22">Evans, Suzette M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Record%22">Psychological Record</searchLink>. Sep2023, Vol. 73 Issue 3, p481-500. 20p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cocaine-induced+disorders%22">Cocaine-induced disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heart+beat%22">Heart beat</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transfer+functions%22">Transfer functions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cocaine%22">Cocaine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pilot+projects%22">Pilot projects</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+history%22">Environmental history</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+justice%22">Environmental justice</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Identifying the processes by which environmental stimuli can come to influence drug use is important for developing more efficacious interventions. This study investigated derived relational responding and the transfer of differential conditioned effects of environmental stimuli paired with "smoked" cocaine in accordance with the relations of symmetry, transitivity, and equivalence using Heart Rate as the measure of conditioning among 12 adults with significant histories of cocaine use. Match-to-sample (MTS) procedures were used to test for emergent relations among two four-member stimulus groupings. One member of a group was then paired with 25 -mg of smoked cocaine and one member of the other group was paired with 0 -mg of smoked cocaine. Ten participants completed the MTS protocol: four participants demonstrated two four-member equivalence classes, three participants demonstrated two three-member equivalence classes, and two participants demonstrated symmetry only. One participant demonstrated no derived relations. Differential respondent elicited changes in HR was demonstrated in the presence of stimuli paired with smoked cocaine among four of the six participants completing the conditioning phase; all four of the participants demonstrated a bidirectional transfer of these functions in accordance with symmetry. Transfer was not reliably demonstrated in accordance with transitive or equivalence relations. The results suggest that respondent elicitation in the context of drug use may be a function of both direct conditioning and derived relational processes. These findings have implications for studying and understanding the processes by which stimuli in the natural ecology can set the occasion for cocaine use and developing cocaine use disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Record is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=172445436 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s40732-023-00554-0 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 20 StartPage: 481 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Cocaine-induced disorders Type: general – SubjectFull: Heart beat Type: general – SubjectFull: Transfer functions Type: general – SubjectFull: Cocaine Type: general – SubjectFull: Pilot projects Type: general – SubjectFull: Environmental history Type: general – SubjectFull: Environmental justice Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Environmental Cues Can Indirectly Acquire Cocaine-Eliciting Changes in Heart Rate: A Pilot Study of Derived Relational Responding, the Transfer of Function among Cocaine Users. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Carpenter, Kenneth M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Foltin, Richard W. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Haney, Margaret – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Evans, Suzette M. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: Sep2023 Type: published Y: 2023 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00332933 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 73 – Type: issue Value: 3 Titles: – TitleFull: Psychological Record Type: main |
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