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Resilience Phenotypes and Psychological Functioning among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder.

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Title: Resilience Phenotypes and Psychological Functioning among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder.
Authors: Martinez, Suky, Garcia-Romeu, Albert, Perez, Freymon, Jones, Jermaine D.
Source: Substance Use & Misuse. 2024, Vol. 59 Issue 1, p41-49. 9p.
Subjects: Africans, Cluster sampling, Substance abuse, Analysis of variance, Multivariate analysis, Psychosocial functioning, Psychology, Regression analysis, Conceptual models, Research funding, Mental depression, Descriptive statistics, Classification of mental disorders, Anxiety, Psychological resilience, Phenotypes, Personality assessment, Secondary analysis, Epigenomics, Psychological stress
Abstract: Background Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a heterogeneous disorder. However, there is a lack of deep phenotyping investigations focusing on important psychological constructs such as resilience that may impact OUD. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait resilience and the five-factor model of personality (FFM) among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We also explored whether the FFM and trait resilience form specific phenotypes associated with psychological functioning. Methods This secondary analysis of an epigenetic study included participants of African ancestry (n = 72), an understudied population, who met DSM-5 criteria for OUD. Participants completed measures to assess personality traits, trait resilience, current and previous drug use, and psychological functioning (depression, anxiety, and stress). Results Linear regression revealed a significant relationship between resilience (CD-RISC-25 score) and the FFM, R2 = 0.56, F(5,62) = 15.7, p<.001. Further, a two-cluster classification emerged as the optimal solution from the cluster analysis. Cluster 1 (n = 33, 45.8% of the sample) showed lower resilience (CD-RISC-25 score: M = 58.6, SD = 11.2) compared to Cluster 2 (n = 35, 48.6%; CD-RISC-25 score: M = 76.1, SD = 11.9). The “High-Resilience Cluster” (Cluster 2) was characterized by higher FFM traits of: Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and lower Neuroticism versus Cluster 1. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences between the two resilience clusters concerning other psychological symptoms, Λ = 0.732, F(4, 50) = 7.05, p < 0.003. Conclusions These findings suggest associations between the FFM and trait resilience among individuals with OUD. Two distinct “resilience phenotypes” emerged, with high-resilience individuals displaying less stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Results highlight the clinical importance of resilience as a potential target for intervention in people with OUD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Background Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a heterogeneous disorder. However, there is a lack of deep phenotyping investigations focusing on important psychological constructs such as resilience that may impact OUD. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait resilience and the five-factor model of personality (FFM) among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We also explored whether the FFM and trait resilience form specific phenotypes associated with psychological functioning. Methods This secondary analysis of an epigenetic study included participants of African ancestry (n = 72), an understudied population, who met DSM-5 criteria for OUD. Participants completed measures to assess personality traits, trait resilience, current and previous drug use, and psychological functioning (depression, anxiety, and stress). Results Linear regression revealed a significant relationship between resilience (CD-RISC-25 score) and the FFM, R2 = 0.56, F(5,62) = 15.7, p&lt;.001. Further, a two-cluster classification emerged as the optimal solution from the cluster analysis. Cluster 1 (n = 33, 45.8% of the sample) showed lower resilience (CD-RISC-25 score: M = 58.6, SD = 11.2) compared to Cluster 2 (n = 35, 48.6%; CD-RISC-25 score: M = 76.1, SD = 11.9). The “High-Resilience Cluster” (Cluster 2) was characterized by higher FFM traits of: Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and lower Neuroticism versus Cluster 1. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences between the two resilience clusters concerning other psychological symptoms, Λ = 0.732, F(4, 50) = 7.05, p &lt; 0.003. Conclusions These findings suggest associations between the FFM and trait resilience among individuals with OUD. Two distinct “resilience phenotypes” emerged, with high-resilience individuals displaying less stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Results highlight the clinical importance of resilience as a potential target for intervention in people with OUD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Substance Use &amp; Misuse is the property of Taylor &amp; Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2259450
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 41
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Africans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cluster sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multivariate analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychosocial functioning
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      – SubjectFull: Psychology
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      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Conceptual models
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
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      – SubjectFull: Classification of mental disorders
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      – SubjectFull: Psychological resilience
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      – SubjectFull: Phenotypes
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      – SubjectFull: Personality assessment
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      – SubjectFull: Secondary analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Epigenomics
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      – SubjectFull: Psychological stress
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      – TitleFull: Resilience Phenotypes and Psychological Functioning among Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder.
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              Text: 2024
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