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Young children experience both regret and relief in a gain-or-loss context.

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Title: Young children experience both regret and relief in a gain-or-loss context.
Authors: Jones, Alicia K. (AUTHOR), Gautam, Shalini (AUTHOR), Redshaw, Jonathan (AUTHOR)
Source: Cognition & Emotion. Feb2024, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p163-170. 8p.
Subjects: Regret, Counterfactuals (Logic), Emotions, Stickers
Abstract: Recent research has provided compelling evidence that children experience the negative counterfactual emotion of regret, by manipulating the presence of a counterfactual action that would have led to participants receiving a better outcome. However, it remains unclear if children similarly experience regret's positive counterpart, relief. The current study examined children's negative and positive counterfactual emotions in a novel gain-or-loss context. Four- to 9-year-old children (N = 136) were presented with two opaque boxes concealing information that would lead to a gain or loss of stickers, respectively. Half of the children chose between two keys that matched each box, whereas the other half were compelled to select one box because only one of the two keys matched. After seeing inside the alternative, non-chosen box, children were significantly more likely to report a change in emotion when they could have opened that box than when they could not have. The effects were similar for children who lost stickers and won stickers, and neither effect varied with age. These findings suggest that children may become capable of experiencing regret and relief around the same time, although their expression of these counterfactual emotions may vary with actual and counterfactual gains and losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Cognition & Emotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Young children experience both regret and relief in a gain-or-loss context.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jones%2C+Alicia+K%2E%22">Jones, Alicia K.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gautam%2C+Shalini%22">Gautam, Shalini</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Redshaw%2C+Jonathan%22">Redshaw, Jonathan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Cognition+%26+Emotion%22">Cognition & Emotion</searchLink>. Feb2024, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p163-170. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regret%22">Regret</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Counterfactuals+%28Logic%29%22">Counterfactuals (Logic)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotions%22">Emotions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stickers%22">Stickers</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Recent research has provided compelling evidence that children experience the negative counterfactual emotion of regret, by manipulating the presence of a counterfactual action that would have led to participants receiving a better outcome. However, it remains unclear if children similarly experience regret's positive counterpart, relief. The current study examined children's negative and positive counterfactual emotions in a novel gain-or-loss context. Four- to 9-year-old children (N = 136) were presented with two opaque boxes concealing information that would lead to a gain or loss of stickers, respectively. Half of the children chose between two keys that matched each box, whereas the other half were compelled to select one box because only one of the two keys matched. After seeing inside the alternative, non-chosen box, children were significantly more likely to report a change in emotion when they could have opened that box than when they could not have. The effects were similar for children who lost stickers and won stickers, and neither effect varied with age. These findings suggest that children may become capable of experiencing regret and relief around the same time, although their expression of these counterfactual emotions may vary with actual and counterfactual gains and losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Cognition & Emotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/02699931.2023.2258586
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 163
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Regret
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Counterfactuals (Logic)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stickers
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      – TitleFull: Young children experience both regret and relief in a gain-or-loss context.
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              M: 02
              Text: Feb2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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