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Memory for abstract control states does not decay with increasing retrieval delays.

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Title: Memory for abstract control states does not decay with increasing retrieval delays.
Authors: Schiltenwolf, Moritz (AUTHOR), Kiesel, Andrea (AUTHOR), Frings, Christian (AUTHOR), Dignath, David (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychological Research. Mar2024, Vol. 88 Issue 2, p547-561. 15p.
Subjects: Bayesian analysis, Trials (Law), Stimulus & response (Psychology), Memory, Episodic memory
Abstract: Recent studies have suggested that abstract control states (i.e., internal attentional states independent from concrete stimuli and responses) can be stored in episodic memory and retrieved subsequently. However, the duration of such a control state memory remains unclear. Previous research has found a quick and complete decay for stimulus–response bindings after 2000–5000 ms. Here, we tested a possible decay of control state bindings with retrieval delays of 2000, 3000, or 5000 ms. Five preregistered experiments used a confound-minimized prime-target task to measure the congruency sequence effect (CSE) separately for trials in which a nominally irrelevant context feature changed or repeated across trials. Analyses of the individual experiments did not result in conclusive evidence. A mega-analysis integrating the data of all experiments (Ntotal = 326) replicated evidence for binding and retrieval of control states, in that larger CSEs were found for context repetition trials. Importantly, Bayesian analysis indicated that this effect was not modulated by the length of retrieval delay. While this finding suggests that bindings of abstract control states can be relatively robust, we also discuss possible limitations of the present research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychological Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Memory for abstract control states does not decay with increasing retrieval delays.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schiltenwolf%2C+Moritz%22">Schiltenwolf, Moritz</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kiesel%2C+Andrea%22">Kiesel, Andrea</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Frings%2C+Christian%22">Frings, Christian</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dignath%2C+David%22">Dignath, David</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Research%22">Psychological Research</searchLink>. Mar2024, Vol. 88 Issue 2, p547-561. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bayesian+analysis%22">Bayesian analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Trials+%28Law%29%22">Trials (Law)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stimulus+%26+response+%28Psychology%29%22">Stimulus & response (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Memory%22">Memory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Episodic+memory%22">Episodic memory</searchLink>
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  Data: Recent studies have suggested that abstract control states (i.e., internal attentional states independent from concrete stimuli and responses) can be stored in episodic memory and retrieved subsequently. However, the duration of such a control state memory remains unclear. Previous research has found a quick and complete decay for stimulus–response bindings after 2000–5000 ms. Here, we tested a possible decay of control state bindings with retrieval delays of 2000, 3000, or 5000 ms. Five preregistered experiments used a confound-minimized prime-target task to measure the congruency sequence effect (CSE) separately for trials in which a nominally irrelevant context feature changed or repeated across trials. Analyses of the individual experiments did not result in conclusive evidence. A mega-analysis integrating the data of all experiments (Ntotal = 326) replicated evidence for binding and retrieval of control states, in that larger CSEs were found for context repetition trials. Importantly, Bayesian analysis indicated that this effect was not modulated by the length of retrieval delay. While this finding suggests that bindings of abstract control states can be relatively robust, we also discuss possible limitations of the present research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Mar2024
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