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Serial position effects and mild cognitive impairment: a comparison of measures and scoring approaches.

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Title: Serial position effects and mild cognitive impairment: a comparison of measures and scoring approaches.
Authors: Weitzner, Daniel S. (AUTHOR), Calamia, Matthew (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology. Oct2023, Vol. 45 Issue 8, p813-824. 12p.
Subjects: Verbal learning, Cognition, Alzheimer's disease, Auditory learning, Mild cognitive impairment, Cognition disorders
Abstract: Serial position effects (SPEs) have shown promise as predictors of future cognitive decline and conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), even when accounting for total learning and memory scores. However, conflicting results have been found in the literature, which may be at least partially related to the many ways in which SPEs are calculated. The current study aimed to address the discrepancies in the literature by examining whether one method of analyzing SPEs is more sensitive at distinguishing those with and without psychometrically defined MCI. 86 older adult participants (57 healthy comparison, 29 MCI) completed the California Verbal Learning Test, Third Edition (CVLT3) and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), along with measures assessing multiple cognitive domains. Each participant completed two visits, between 3 and 9 days apart, with a different memory measure administered on each day. The standard scoring approach and the regional scoring approach to calculating SPEs were compared. Results showed that, when significant differences were found, SPEs were always reduced in the MCI group compared to the healthy comparison group when using regional scoring; however, results were not as consistent when using standard scoring. Further, lower primacy than recency scores were only consistently seen in the MCI group when using the RAVLT but not the CVLT3. ROC analyses showed that only regional scoring of SPEs from delayed recall of the RAVLT and the CVLT3 accurately discriminated between those with and without MCI. Regional scoring of SPEs may be more sensitive at identifying subtle cognitive decline compared to standard scoring. However, the specific measure that is used to analyze SPEs can impact the interpretation of findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Serial position effects and mild cognitive impairment: a comparison of measures and scoring approaches.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weitzner%2C+Daniel+S%2E%22">Weitzner, Daniel S.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Calamia%2C+Matthew%22">Calamia, Matthew</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Clinical+%26+Experimental+Neuropsychology%22">Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology</searchLink>. Oct2023, Vol. 45 Issue 8, p813-824. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Verbal+learning%22">Verbal learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition%22">Cognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alzheimer's+disease%22">Alzheimer's disease</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+learning%22">Auditory learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mild+cognitive+impairment%22">Mild cognitive impairment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition+disorders%22">Cognition disorders</searchLink>
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  Data: Serial position effects (SPEs) have shown promise as predictors of future cognitive decline and conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), even when accounting for total learning and memory scores. However, conflicting results have been found in the literature, which may be at least partially related to the many ways in which SPEs are calculated. The current study aimed to address the discrepancies in the literature by examining whether one method of analyzing SPEs is more sensitive at distinguishing those with and without psychometrically defined MCI. 86 older adult participants (57 healthy comparison, 29 MCI) completed the California Verbal Learning Test, Third Edition (CVLT3) and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), along with measures assessing multiple cognitive domains. Each participant completed two visits, between 3 and 9 days apart, with a different memory measure administered on each day. The standard scoring approach and the regional scoring approach to calculating SPEs were compared. Results showed that, when significant differences were found, SPEs were always reduced in the MCI group compared to the healthy comparison group when using regional scoring; however, results were not as consistent when using standard scoring. Further, lower primacy than recency scores were only consistently seen in the MCI group when using the RAVLT but not the CVLT3. ROC analyses showed that only regional scoring of SPEs from delayed recall of the RAVLT and the CVLT3 accurately discriminated between those with and without MCI. Regional scoring of SPEs may be more sensitive at identifying subtle cognitive decline compared to standard scoring. However, the specific measure that is used to analyze SPEs can impact the interpretation of findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/13803395.2023.2214298
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Verbal learning
        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Alzheimer's disease
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      – SubjectFull: Auditory learning
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      – SubjectFull: Mild cognitive impairment
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      – SubjectFull: Cognition disorders
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              Text: Oct2023
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