Variables associated with nonresponders to high‐frequency (10 kHz) spinal cord stimulation.

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Title: Variables associated with nonresponders to high‐frequency (10 kHz) spinal cord stimulation.
Authors: Tieppo Francio, Vinicius, Alm, John, Leavitt, Logan, Mok, Daniel, Yoon, B. Victor, Nazir, Niaman, Lam, Christopher, Latif, Usman, Sowder, Timothy, Braun, Edward, Sack, Andrew, Khan, Talal, Sayed, Dawood
Source: Pain Practice. Apr2024, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p584-599. 16p.
Subjects: Chronic pain treatment, Phobias, Research funding, Scientific observation, Treatment effectiveness, Retrospective studies, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Neural stimulation, Data analysis software, Body movement, Spinal cord, Lumbar pain
Abstract: Introduction: The use of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) therapy to treat chronic pain continues to rise. Optimal patient selection remains one of the most important factors for SCS success. However, despite increased utilization and the existence of general indications, predicting which patients will benefit from neuromodulation remains one of the main challenges for this therapy. Therefore, this study aims to identify the variables that may correlate with nonresponders to high‐frequency (10 kHz) SCS to distinguish the subset of patients less likely to benefit from this intervention. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective single‐center observational study of patients who underwent 10 kHz SCS implant. Patients were divided into nonresponders and responders groups. Demographic data and clinical outcomes were collected at baseline and statistical analysis was performed for all continuous and categorical variables between the two groups to calculate statistically significant differences. Results: The study population comprised of 237 patients, of which 67.51% were responders and 32.49% were nonresponders. There was a statistically significant difference of high levels of kinesiophobia, high self‐perceived disability, greater pain intensity, and clinically relevant pain catastrophizing at baseline in the nonresponders compared to the responders. A few variables deemed potentially relevant, such as age, gender, history of spinal surgery, diabetes, alcohol use, tobacco use, psychiatric illness, and opioid utilization at baseline were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study is the first in the neuromodulation literature to raise awareness to the association of high levels of kinesiophobia preoperatively in nonresponders to 10 kHz SCS therapy. We also found statistically significant differences with greater pain intensity, higher self‐perceived disability, and clinically relevant pain catastrophizing at baseline in the nonresponders relative to responders. It may be appropriate to screen for these factors preoperatively to identify patients who are less likely to respond to SCS. If these modifiable risk factors are present, it might be prudent to consider a pre‐rehabilitation program with pain neuroscience education to address these factors prior to SCS therapy, to enhance successful outcomes in neuromodulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Pain Practice is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Variables associated with nonresponders to high‐frequency (10 kHz) spinal cord stimulation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Pain+Practice%22">Pain Practice</searchLink>. Apr2024, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p584-599. 16p.
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– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Introduction: The use of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) therapy to treat chronic pain continues to rise. Optimal patient selection remains one of the most important factors for SCS success. However, despite increased utilization and the existence of general indications, predicting which patients will benefit from neuromodulation remains one of the main challenges for this therapy. Therefore, this study aims to identify the variables that may correlate with nonresponders to high‐frequency (10 kHz) SCS to distinguish the subset of patients less likely to benefit from this intervention. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective single‐center observational study of patients who underwent 10 kHz SCS implant. Patients were divided into nonresponders and responders groups. Demographic data and clinical outcomes were collected at baseline and statistical analysis was performed for all continuous and categorical variables between the two groups to calculate statistically significant differences. Results: The study population comprised of 237 patients, of which 67.51% were responders and 32.49% were nonresponders. There was a statistically significant difference of high levels of kinesiophobia, high self‐perceived disability, greater pain intensity, and clinically relevant pain catastrophizing at baseline in the nonresponders compared to the responders. A few variables deemed potentially relevant, such as age, gender, history of spinal surgery, diabetes, alcohol use, tobacco use, psychiatric illness, and opioid utilization at baseline were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study is the first in the neuromodulation literature to raise awareness to the association of high levels of kinesiophobia preoperatively in nonresponders to 10 kHz SCS therapy. We also found statistically significant differences with greater pain intensity, higher self‐perceived disability, and clinically relevant pain catastrophizing at baseline in the nonresponders relative to responders. It may be appropriate to screen for these factors preoperatively to identify patients who are less likely to respond to SCS. If these modifiable risk factors are present, it might be prudent to consider a pre‐rehabilitation program with pain neuroscience education to address these factors prior to SCS therapy, to enhance successful outcomes in neuromodulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Pain Practice is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/papr.13328
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Chronic pain treatment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phobias
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Scientific observation
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      – SubjectFull: Treatment effectiveness
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      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neural stimulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Body movement
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      – SubjectFull: Spinal cord
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      – SubjectFull: Lumbar pain
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      – TitleFull: Variables associated with nonresponders to high‐frequency (10 kHz) spinal cord stimulation.
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              Text: Apr2024
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