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The effect of a minimum price per unit of alcohol in Scotland on alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs: A controlled interrupted time−series analysis.

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Title: The effect of a minimum price per unit of alcohol in Scotland on alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs: A controlled interrupted time−series analysis.
Authors: Manca, Francesco, Lewsey, Jim, Mackay, Daniel, Angus, Colin, Fitzpatrick, David, Fitzgerald, Niamh
Source: Addiction. May2024, Vol. 119 Issue 5, p846-854. 9p.
Subjects: Hospital night care, Nurses, Alcoholic beverages, Human services programs, Outpatient medical care nursing, Government policy, Research funding, Time series analysis, Treatment effectiveness, Descriptive statistics, Alcohol-induced disorders, Emergency medical services communication systems, Ambulances, Electronic health records, Confidence intervals, Algorithms, Social classes, Evaluation
Geographic Terms: Scotland
Abstract: Background and aims: On 1 May 2018, Scotland introduced a minimum unit price (MUP) of £0.50 for alcohol, with one UK unit of alcohol being 10 ml of pure ethanol. This study measured the association between MUP and changes in the volume of alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs in the overall population and in call‐outs subsets (night‐time call‐outs and subpopulations with higher incidence of alcohol‐related harm). Design: An interrupted time−series (ITS) was used to measure variations in the daily volume of alcohol‐related call‐outs. We performed uncontrolled ITS on both the intervention and control group and a controlled ITS built on the difference between the two series. Data were from electronic patient clinical records from the Scottish Ambulance Service. Setting and cases: Alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs (intervention group) and total ambulance call‐outs for people aged under 13 years (control group) in Scotland, from December 2017 to March 2020. Measurements Call‐outs were deemed alcohol‐related if ambulance clinicians indicated that alcohol was a 'contributing factor' in the call‐out and/or a validated Scottish Ambulance Service algorithm determined that the call‐out was alcohol‐related. Findings No statistically significant association in the volume of call‐outs was found in both the uncontrolled series [step change = 0.062, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.012, 0.0135 P = 0.091; slope change = −0.001, 95% CI = −0.001, 0.1 × 10−3P = 0.139] and controlled series (step change = −0.01, 95% CI = −0.317, 0.298 P = 0.951; slope change = −0.003, 95% CI = −0.008, 0.002 P = 0.257). Similarly, no significant changes were found for the night‐time series or for any population subgroups. Conclusions: There appears to be no statistically significant association between the introduction of minimum unit pricing for alcohol in Scotland and the volume of alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs. This was observed overall, across subpopulations and at night‐time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Addiction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: The effect of a minimum price per unit of alcohol in Scotland on alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs: A controlled interrupted time−series analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Addiction%22">Addiction</searchLink>. May2024, Vol. 119 Issue 5, p846-854. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hospital+night+care%22">Hospital night care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nurses%22">Nurses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alcoholic+beverages%22">Alcoholic beverages</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Human+services+programs%22">Human services programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Outpatient+medical+care+nursing%22">Outpatient medical care nursing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Government+policy%22">Government policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time+series+analysis%22">Time series analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alcohol-induced+disorders%22">Alcohol-induced disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emergency+medical+services+communication+systems%22">Emergency medical services communication systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ambulances%22">Ambulances</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+health+records%22">Electronic health records</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Algorithms%22">Algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+classes%22">Social classes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation%22">Evaluation</searchLink>
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  Data: Background and aims: On 1 May 2018, Scotland introduced a minimum unit price (MUP) of £0.50 for alcohol, with one UK unit of alcohol being 10 ml of pure ethanol. This study measured the association between MUP and changes in the volume of alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs in the overall population and in call‐outs subsets (night‐time call‐outs and subpopulations with higher incidence of alcohol‐related harm). Design: An interrupted time−series (ITS) was used to measure variations in the daily volume of alcohol‐related call‐outs. We performed uncontrolled ITS on both the intervention and control group and a controlled ITS built on the difference between the two series. Data were from electronic patient clinical records from the Scottish Ambulance Service. Setting and cases: Alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs (intervention group) and total ambulance call‐outs for people aged under 13 years (control group) in Scotland, from December 2017 to March 2020. Measurements Call‐outs were deemed alcohol‐related if ambulance clinicians indicated that alcohol was a 'contributing factor' in the call‐out and/or a validated Scottish Ambulance Service algorithm determined that the call‐out was alcohol‐related. Findings No statistically significant association in the volume of call‐outs was found in both the uncontrolled series [step change = 0.062, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.012, 0.0135 P = 0.091; slope change = −0.001, 95% CI = −0.001, 0.1 × 10−3P = 0.139] and controlled series (step change = −0.01, 95% CI = −0.317, 0.298 P = 0.951; slope change = −0.003, 95% CI = −0.008, 0.002 P = 0.257). Similarly, no significant changes were found for the night‐time series or for any population subgroups. Conclusions: There appears to be no statistically significant association between the introduction of minimum unit pricing for alcohol in Scotland and the volume of alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs. This was observed overall, across subpopulations and at night‐time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Addiction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/add.16436
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 846
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      – SubjectFull: Hospital night care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nurses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcoholic beverages
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      – SubjectFull: Human services programs
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      – SubjectFull: Outpatient medical care nursing
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Scotland
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      – TitleFull: The effect of a minimum price per unit of alcohol in Scotland on alcohol‐related ambulance call‐outs: A controlled interrupted time−series analysis.
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              Text: May2024
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