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Towards understanding the mechanism through which reward and punishment motivate or demotivate behaviours.

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Title: Towards understanding the mechanism through which reward and punishment motivate or demotivate behaviours.
Authors: Orji, Rita, Alslaity, Alaa, Chan, Gerry
Source: Behaviour & Information Technology. May2024, Vol. 43 Issue 6, p1042-1066. 25p.
Subjects: Behavioral assessment, Pessimism, Scale analysis (Psychology), Reinforcement (Psychology), Habit, Optimism, Health attitudes, Qualitative research, Risk-taking behavior, T-test (Statistics), Research funding, Positive psychology, Questionnaires, Parameters (Statistics), Descriptive statistics, Quantitative research, Goal (Psychology), Chi-squared test, Reward (Psychology), Games, Motivation (Psychology), Mathematical statistics, Thematic analysis, Punishment, Research, Health behavior, Commitment (Psychology), Alcohol drinking, Data analysis software, Gamification, Well-being
Abstract: Persuasive gamified systems are effective tools for motivating behaviour change using various persuasive strategies. In line with the reinforcement theory, some persuasive gamified systems employ reward and punishment in their design to achieve the intended behavioural outcome. Research has argued both in favour and against using these strategies in behaviour change applications due to mixed results with respect to their effectiveness. However, there is a lack knowledge about how interventions using these strategies could motivate or demotivate behaviours. Therefore, this paper explores the mechanism through which Reward and Punishment motivate or demotivate behaviours with respect to their strengths and weaknesses. The results of large-scale exploratory studies (N = 1768) uncover important strengths and weaknesses that could facilitate or hinder the effectiveness of Reward and Punishment at motivating behaviour change. These include their ability to engage users and make behaviour fun, reinforce commitments to goals, and reveal some consequences of bad behaviour. We also compared the perceived effectiveness of reward and punishment quantitatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Behaviour & Information Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Towards understanding the mechanism through which reward and punishment motivate or demotivate behaviours.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Orji%2C+Rita%22">Orji, Rita</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alslaity%2C+Alaa%22">Alslaity, Alaa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chan%2C+Gerry%22">Chan, Gerry</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Behaviour+%26+Information+Technology%22">Behaviour & Information Technology</searchLink>. May2024, Vol. 43 Issue 6, p1042-1066. 25p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavioral+assessment%22">Behavioral assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pessimism%22">Pessimism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scale+analysis+%28Psychology%29%22">Scale analysis (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reinforcement+%28Psychology%29%22">Reinforcement (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Habit%22">Habit</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optimism%22">Optimism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+attitudes%22">Health attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Qualitative+research%22">Qualitative research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk-taking+behavior%22">Risk-taking behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Positive+psychology%22">Positive psychology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parameters+%28Statistics%29%22">Parameters (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantitative+research%22">Quantitative research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Goal+%28Psychology%29%22">Goal (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reward+%28Psychology%29%22">Reward (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Games%22">Games</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Motivation+%28Psychology%29%22">Motivation (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematical+statistics%22">Mathematical statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thematic+analysis%22">Thematic analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Punishment%22">Punishment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+behavior%22">Health behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Commitment+%28Psychology%29%22">Commitment (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alcohol+drinking%22">Alcohol drinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gamification%22">Gamification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Well-being%22">Well-being</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Persuasive gamified systems are effective tools for motivating behaviour change using various persuasive strategies. In line with the reinforcement theory, some persuasive gamified systems employ reward and punishment in their design to achieve the intended behavioural outcome. Research has argued both in favour and against using these strategies in behaviour change applications due to mixed results with respect to their effectiveness. However, there is a lack knowledge about how interventions using these strategies could motivate or demotivate behaviours. Therefore, this paper explores the mechanism through which Reward and Punishment motivate or demotivate behaviours with respect to their strengths and weaknesses. The results of large-scale exploratory studies (N = 1768) uncover important strengths and weaknesses that could facilitate or hinder the effectiveness of Reward and Punishment at motivating behaviour change. These include their ability to engage users and make behaviour fun, reinforce commitments to goals, and reveal some consequences of bad behaviour. We also compared the perceived effectiveness of reward and punishment quantitatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Behaviour & Information Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/0144929X.2023.2196582
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 25
        StartPage: 1042
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Behavioral assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pessimism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scale analysis (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reinforcement (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Habit
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optimism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Qualitative research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk-taking behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Positive psychology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parameters (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Quantitative research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Goal (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reward (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Games
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Motivation (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mathematical statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thematic analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Punishment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Commitment (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcohol drinking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gamification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Well-being
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Towards understanding the mechanism through which reward and punishment motivate or demotivate behaviours.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Orji, Rita
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            NameFull: Alslaity, Alaa
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            NameFull: Chan, Gerry
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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            – TitleFull: Behaviour & Information Technology
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